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Studies in the 
Epistles and Revelation 

BY 

PROF. W. B. TAYLOR 

Dean of Bible Department of Bethany College, 
Bethany, W. Va. 

FOR 

ADVANCED TRAINING-CLASSES, ADULT 
BIBLE CLASSES, COLLEGE CLASSES, 
BIBLE CLASSES, Y. M. AND Y. W. 
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Introductory Word 



This volume is one of a series of nine books in 
the advanced training-course. It is the last one 
of a series of five books covering the entire Bible. 
Chas. S. Medbury has written three books entitled 
"Prom Eden to the Jordan," "From the Jordan to 
the Throne of Saul," and "From the Throne of 
Saul to Bethlehem," which cover the entire Old 
Testament history. Herbert Moninger's book, 
"Studies in the Gospels and Acts," covers the first 
five books of the New Testament. This volume 
covers the remaining books of the New Testament 
and thus completes an outline study of the entire 
Bible. 

The student will note that this book presents 
some unique features, as follows: 

1. Each book is outlined concisely so that the 
outline may be easily retained in the memory and 
may be used as drill work in the class. 

2. Aside from the concise outline each Epistle 
is subdivided into a most complete and detailed 
outline. 

3. The general arrangement of each lesson is 
uniform, and thus the memory is greatly aided in 
comprehending the entire book. 



4. In each lesson are given "Truth Nuggets" to 
enable the student to live out in actual service the 
facts and truths taught by the various lessons. 

5. In every lesson "Memory Verses" are sug- 
gested, that the mind may be filled with the rich- 
est nuggets of truth from God's word. 

6. Questions for "Research and Discussion" are 
given to enable the class to discuss the great ques- 
tions of the Epistles, and by discussing them more 
perfectly comprehend them. 

7. A "Blackboard Exercise" is given to add 
spice and life to the work. 

8. In addition to the scholar's text-book, a teach- 
er's edition has been published, which covers the 
lessons more in detail. Those who desire to enter 
more fully into the discussion of the Epistles and 
Revelation than is given in this book, should pur- 
chase the teacher's edition. 

With a prayer that this book may have a help- 
ful ministry, we place it before the public. 

The Publishers. 



Table of Contents 

Page. 



Advanced Training Course 2 

Introductory Word 3 

Lesson I. A Preview . 7 

Lesson II. The Pauline Epistles 10 

Lesson III. 1 and 2 Thessalonians 14 

Outline of 1 Thessalonians 22 

Outline of 2 Thessalonians 23 

Lesson IV. Romans 24 

Outline of Romans 32 

Lesson V. 1 Corinthians 34 

Outline of 1 Corinthians 40 

Lesson VI. 2 Corinthians 42 

Outline of 2 Corinthians 48 

Lesson VII. Galatians , 49 

Outline of Galatians 5 6 

Lesson VIII. Philippians. ................. 58 

Outline of Philippians 64 

Lesson IX. Ephesians 6 6 

Outline of Ephesians 72 

Lesson X. Colossians 75 

Outline of Colossians 82 

Lesson XI. 1 Timothy and Titus. 84 

Outline of 1 Timothy 9 4 

Outline of Titus 9 6 

Lesson XII. Philemon and 2 Timothy 98 



Outline of Philemon 101 

Outline of 2 Timothy 10 6 

Lesson XIII. Hebrews... 109 

Outline of Hebrews 114 

Lesson XIV. James 118 

Outline of James 122 

Lesson XV. 1 and 2 Peter 125 

Outline of 1 Peter 132 

Outline of 2 Peter. 134 

Lesson XVI. 1, 2 and 3 John 135 

Outline of 1 John 146 

Outline of 2 John 147 

Outline of 3 John . 148 

Lesson XVII. Jude. 149 

Outline of Jude 154 

Lesson XVIII. Revelation 155 

Outline of Rev. 1: 1-3: 22 160 

Lesson XIX. Revelation (continued) .. 162 

Lesson XX. Review 166 

Outline of Rev. 4: 1-22: 21 167 

Chart of the Epistles and Revelation 168 

Drill Questions 170 

Answers to Drill Questions 186 



Studies in the Epistles 
and Revelation 



LESSON L 

A Preview of the Epistles 

I. INTRODUCTION 

1. Purpose. — Our purpose in studying the Epis- 
tles of the New Testament is not only to get, but 
to give. We learn not for self, hut for service. 

2. Method. — Our method in this book will be 
to give such outlines and other helps as will form 
the framework of future study. 

II. STRUCTURE OF THE NEW TESTAMENT 

The entire New Testament is a series of co- 
ordinating, rather than successive, attempts to in- 
terpret the Christ. 

1. The Gospels. — The Gospels are historic, and 
written to produce faith in the divine "Son of 
man." In other words, the Gospels are to tell 
who Christ is. 

2. Acts. — Acts is historic, giving us a record of 
many conversions to Christ. The keyword of Acts 
is "conversions." Acts was written to tell us 
how to accept Christ. 



8 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



3. The Epistles. — The Epistles were written to 
those who were in Christ Jesus, to tell us how 
to live for Christ. 

4. Revelation. — The prophecy of the Book of 
Revelation is that Christ and the redeemed are 
ultimately to triumph over Satan, sin and death, 
and that God is to be all and in all. To put it 
briefly, the Book of Revelation tells of the final 
triumph of the Christians. 

III. VIEWPOINTS OF THE EPI^TUES 

There are six types of thought in the Epistles: 
Pauline, Hebraic, Jacobean, Petrine, Judan and 
Johannean. 

1. How They Agree. — They all attempt to inter- 
pret the Christ through the history, literature, re- 
ligion and life of God's people. 

2. How They Differ. — They differ in their view- 
point and the attributes of the Christ they empha- 
size. 

IV. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The Gospels have accomplished their one 
purpose when the last one has been won to the one 
and only Saviour. 

2. There is but one book in the Bible that tells 
us of the one way to accept Christ. 

3. The Christian soldier is the only soldier sure 
of victory. 

V. OUR MEMORY VERSES 



1. John 20: 31. 

2. Rom. 1: 16. 



A PREVIEW 



9 



VI. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Understanding the Christ. 

(1) How may we best understand the Christ? 

(2) What should be our purpose in the study of 
the Epistles? 

(3) Is the Christ the same to each writer? 

2. Movements in Religious Thought. 

(1) What are the characteristics of modern 
thought? 

(2) What are the dangers of such a movement? 

3. Structure of the New Testament. 

(1) Why were the Gospels written? 

(2) Why was Acts written? What is its key- 
word? 

(3) For what were the Epistles written? 

(4) What is the prophecy of Revelation? 

4. Viewpoint of the Epistles. 

(1) How do they agree? 

(2) How do they differ? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



A PREV. 0$ THE EPIS. 
I. Intro. II. Struc. of the New Test. 

1. Pur. 1. Gos. 3. Epis. 

2. Meth. 2. Ac. 4. Rev. 

III. Viewpo. of the Epis. 
1. Ho. The, Agr. 2. Ho. The. Dif . 

Truth Nugget.— The Christian soldier is the only sol- 
dier sure of victory. 
. * 

DRILL. QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 1 to 22 in the back of the book. 



10 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



DIVISION I. PAULINE 
EPISTLES 

PART I. The Second-coming Epistles. 

PART II. The Law and Gospel Epistles. 

PART III. The Transitional Epistles. 

PART IV. The Christological Epistles. 

PART V. The Pastoral and Personal Epistles. 

LESSON II. 
The Pauline Epistles 

I. CLASSIFICATION OF PAUL'S EPISTLES 

Note. — There are five distinct classes, according 
to the subject-matter and time of writing: (1) The 
Second Coming, (2) Law and Gospel, (3) Transi- 
tional, (4) Christological, and (5) Pastoral and 
Personal. 

1. The Second Coming Epistles. — The Second- 
coming Epistles are 1 and 2 Thessalonians. Here 
Christ is presented as the divine Lord and Master 
who is coming to reward his faithful servants and 
to punish the wicked. 

2. The Law and Gospel Epistles. — The Law and 
Gospel Epistles are Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians 
and Galatians. The authorship of these Epistles 
has never been questioned. They meet the con- 
tention of the Judaizers that the Gentile Christian 
should be circumcised and keep the law of Moses 



THE PAULIXE EPISTLES 



11 



to be saved. Paul shows the superiority of the 
gospel over the law at every point. 

3. The Transitional Epistle. — The Transitional 
Epistle is Philippians. Paul writes of the humili- 
ation and exaltation of Christ, and the joy of his 
Spirit and service. His one theme is, The mind 
of Christ is the secret of joy. 

4. The Christological Epistles. — The Christolog- 
ical Epistles are Ephesians and Colossians. The 
conflict is not between the law and the gospel, the 
flesh and the Spirit; but between good and evil, 
Christ and Satan. Since Christ is to be victorious, 
they are exhorted to put on the whole armor of 
God, and, fighting with him, share in the victory. 
In Ephesians, he exalts the church as the body of 
Christ. In Colossians, he exalts Christ as the head 
of the church. 

5. Pastoral and Personal Epistles. — The Pasto- 
ral and Personal Epistles are 1 and 2 Timothy, 
Titus and Philemon. They are unlike the other 
nine Epistles in that they are written to indi- 
viduals, rather than congregations. 1 Timothy 
and Titus may properly be termed "pastoral," be- 
cause they are written to prominent ministers con- 
cerning the organization and care of churches; 
while 2 Timothy and Philemon are "personal" in 
character. 

In the first group Paul is encouraging those 
under persecution. In the second he is defending 
the rights and the liberty of the Gentiles. In the 
third he presents the humiliation and exaltation 
of Jesus Christ. In the fourth, the greatness of 



12 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



the conflict and the final victory. In the fifth, the 
sufficiency of Christ in the work of the church and 
the need of the individual disciple. 

II. THE OLDEST CHRISTIAN LITERATURE 

1. 1 and 2 Thessalonians. — 1 and 2 Thessa- 
lonians are doubtless the oldest Christian litera- 
ture preserved to us. There is probably older 
material in the Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, 
but the books were written later. 

2. Historical Statements. — Paul gives only one 
or two sayings of Jesus (1 Cor. 7: 10, 11; 9: 14). 
He mentions his descent and birth (Rom. 1:3; 
9: 5; Gal. 3: 16; 4: 4); the institution of the 
Lord's Supper (1 Cor. 11: 23-26); his death and 
resurrection (1 Cor. 15: 1-8). This is all the his- 
tory recorded by Paul, but the Epistles are filled 
with Christ's personality. Every message to man 
is developed from the fact of the death, burial and 
resurrection of Jesus Christ (1 Cor. 15: 17). 

3. The Divine Sonship of Jesus. — Paul empha- 
sizes his divine sonship, and he elaborates his sys- 
tem of thought from the personality of Jesus, 
rather than from his Messiahship. If indeed he 
be the Son of God, who died for us and rose again, 
and is exalted at the right hand of God to be both 
Lord and Christ, then it follows that all men 
everywhere owe everything of love, loyalty and 
service to him. 

m. PAUL'S SERVICE TO CHRISTIANITY 
1. Missionary Impulse. — Paul gave Christianity 
a missionary impulse. 



THE PAULINE EPISTLES 13 



2. Freedom. — Paul freed Christianity from Jew- 
ish bigotry. 

3. Proper Conception. — Paul gave a proper con- 
ception of the Old Testament Scriptures as ful- 
filled in Jesus Christ. 

4. Universal Christianity. — Paul emphasized the 
universal element in Christianity. 

IV. MEMORY VERSES 

1. Gal. 4: 4. 

2. Acts 20: 35. 

3. 1 Cor. 11: 23-26. 

4. 1 Cor. 15: 17. 

V. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Classification of Paul's Epistles. 

(1) Give the five classifications according to 
subject-matter. 

(2) What Epistles treat of the second coming? 

(3) Practical importance of this doctrine? 

(4) What was the demand of the Judaizers 
upon the Gentile Christians? 

(5) How does Paul defend their liberty in 
Christ? 

(6) What is the theme of Philippians? 

(7) What is the difference in the emphasis of 
Philippians and Colossians? 

(8) Which are the purely Pastoral Epistles? 

(9) Which are the Personal Epistles? 

2. The Oldest Christian Literature. 

(1) What is the oldest Christian literature? 



14 



EPISTLE 8 AND REVELATION 



(2) Give Paul's statement concerning the de- 
scent and birth of Jesus. 

(3) Give the list of the witnesses of the resur- 
rection (1 Cor. 15: 1-8). 

(4) If Jesus is the Son of God, what follows? 

(5) What important service did Paul render to 
Christianity? 

(6) What is the constructive factor in Paul's 
thought? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



L Class, of Paul's Epistles. II. Old. Christ. Lit. 

1. Sec. Com. 1. 1 and 2 Thess. 

2. La. and Gos. 2. Hist. State. 

3. Trans. 3. Div. Son. of Je. 

4. Christ. 

5. Pas. and Per. 

III. Paul's See. to Chr. 
1. Miss. Im. 2. Free. 3. Prop. Cone. 4. Uni. Chr. 
Truth Nugget. — For me to live is — ? 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 23 to 77 in the back of the book. 



PART I. THE SECOND-COMING 
EPISTLES 

LESSON III. 1 AND 2 THESSALO- 
NIANS 

The Coming of Christ and His Reward. 

It is remarkable that the first Epistles of Paul 
Should treat of the last things — the second coming 



1 AND 2 THESSALONIANS 15 

and the judgment. But the Christian who does 
not keep them in view will make a feeble fight 
against self and Satan. The study of these Epis- 
tles comes first both logically and chronologically. 
They were written from Corinth not later than 
A. D. 54. 

I. THE WRITER AND CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Where Paul Was. — The Epistles were written 
by Paul upon the receipt of good news of their 
faithfulness under persecution. Paul had been ex- 
pelled from the city of Thessalonica, having been 
charged with treason (Acts 17: 7). This he called 
the work of Satan. He had sent Timothy from 
Athens to inquire concerning the young church. 
Here he remained two or three weeks, then went 
to Corinth, where Timothy and Silas joined him 
with the good news of their faith and courage 
which had become an inspiration to all Macedonia 
and Achaia. They bring a number of questions 
from the church, particularly about the dead who 
had doubtless given their lives in defense of the 
gospel. 

2. The Purpose. — It was to answer these ques- 
tions and encourage the young church under perse- 
cution that Paul wrote the first Epistle. They 
misunderstood his reference to the second coming, 
and ceased their labors in anticipation of his ad- 
vent. Paul writes the second Epistle at once to 
correct this mistake, and urges them to be found 
faithful when he comes. 



16 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



H. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The City. — Thessalonica was a prosperous 
city composed of Greeks, Romans and Jews. It 
was situated at the northeast corner of the Ther- 
maic Gulf. It was one hundred miles south and 
west of Philippi, whence Paul had come (Acts 16: 
40-17: 1). It was an important commercial city, 
a trade center of Macedonia and Achaia (1 Thess. 
1: 8). It was founded by Cassander, king of 
Macedonia, 315 B. C, and named for his wife. 
It was conquered by Rome 168 B. C, and in 42 
B. C. became a Roman colony. 

2. The Synagogue. — This was the center of Jew- 
ish life. They were devout and aggressive, as 
shown by the fact that many Gentiles visited their 
place of worship. The synagogue furnished a 
place of meeting, an audience and Scripture text 
for the gospel messenger. As was his custom, 
when Paul came to the city on his second mission- 
ary journey he entered the synagogue and preached 
unto them Jesus. 

3. The Establishment of the Church.— He took 
their Scriptures (the Old Testament), "opened" 
them as a treasure-box, and taught that "it be- 
hoved the Christ to suffer and rise again from 
the dead." When he had convinced them of his 
interpretation, he proclaimed, "Jesus is the 
Christ." Some were persuaded, but not many 
(Acts 17: 4; 1 Thess. 1: 9). The church was pre- 
vailingly Gentile. At the end of three weeks he 
was driven from the synagogue and worked night 



1 AND 2 THESSALONIANS 



17 



and day with his own hands for his own support 
(2 Thess. 3: 8); twice he received help from the 
brethren at Philippi (Phil. 4: 15, 16). When suc- 
cess attended his labor the Jews stirred up a per- 
secution which endangered the church and drove 
Paul from the city (Acts 17: 5-9). Timothy seems 
to have remained to care for the church. He later 
joined Paul and Silas at Beroea. Silas and Timothy 
remain at Bercea until Paul sends for them from 
Athens. There Paul hears of the raging perse- 
cution, and sends Timothy, who had been pastor 
of the church, to encourage them. On the return 
of Timothy to Corinth, bearing the good news of 
their faithfulness, Paul writes the first Epistle to 
the church, which had made a splendid record dur- 
ing its brief and turbulent life (1 Thess. 1: 3, 7). 

in. THE THEME 

1. Reward. — The fundamental theme of the first 
Epistle is the second coming of Christ and his re- 
ward. This was written in response to a question 
ot the church concerning the sacred dead who had 
probably given their lives in the defense of the 
gospel. They were anxious lest these should fail 
in the glorious reward when Christ came to re- 
ceive his own. Paul assures them that those who 
had fallen asleep should be raised, and those who 
remained should be caught up with him, both 
sharing in his glorious reward. 

2. Preparation. — The theme of 2 Thessalonians 
is preparation for his second coming. The dis- 
ciples seemingly misunderstood his reference in 



IS 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



the first Epistle and ceased the labor for which 
they were noted. He writes the second Epistle to 
correct the misunderstanding of the first, assuring 
them that the coming of the Lord would be as a 
thief in the night; and before his coming there 
must be the great apostasy or "falling away." The 
servants faithful in the performance of their duties 
will be the only ones prepared for his coming. 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE OF 1 THESSALONIANS 

1. Introduction. — Salutation and thanksgiving. 

2. Conversion. — "Ye turned." 

3. Consecration. — "To serve." 

4. Culmination. — "To wait for the reward." 

5. Conclusion. — Preserved in the peace of God. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. — His reason for thanksgiving 
was the report that Timothy had brought of "their 
work of faith, labor of love and patience of hope." 
He rejoices in the gospel's power and the demon- 
stration of the same in their conversion, service, 
patience and deliverance. This demonstration of 
power furnishes the outline for the entire Epistle. 

2. Conversion. — "Ye turned." The word "con- 
version" means turned, which is based primarily 
upon faith which makes one faithful, and Paul 
illustrated it by his own life among them. He 
commends them for their reception of the Word 
and their loyalty to and labor for Jesus Christ. 

3. Consecration. — "To serve." He begins by re- 
ferring to the services of Timothy, and expresses 



1 AND 2 THESSALONIANS 



19 



the comfort and joy that their faith and love had 
been to him. He then prays for a larger service 
and for divine guidance in that service; that they 
should be restrained from evil and increase in 
love and labor. 

4. Culmination. — '-To wait for his Son from 
heaven. " Paul assures them of the certainty of 
the reward of those who had "fallen asleep," and 
that those who remained should in no way prevent 
the glorious reward of the faithful. He then de- 
scribes the glory of his coming to those who are 
prepared and its terror to the unbelieving. 

5. Conclusion. — Preserved in the peace of God. 
He closes the letter with a final prayer for these 
distressed Christians, and an assurance of the re- 
ward of the faithful in Christ Jesus. 

VI. CONCISE OUTLINE OF 2 THESSALONIANS 

1. Introduction. 

2. Doctrine. 

3. Exhortation. 

4. Conclusion. 

VII. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. — 1: 1-4. 

(1) Salutation (1: 1, 2). 

(2) Thanksgiving (1: 2-4). 

2. Doctrine— 1: 5-2: 17. 

(1) Differences in Christ's coming (1: 5-12). 

(2) A warning (2: 1, 2). 

(3) Coming not immediate (2: 3-12). 

(4) Glory of the Lord (2: 13-17). 



20 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



3. Exhortation. — 3: 1-15. 

(1) "Pray for us" (3: 1, 2). 

(2) Paul's confidence in us (3: 3-5). 

(3) Work (3: 6-15). 

4. Conclusion.— 3 : 16-18. 

(1) Benediction (16). 

(2) Salutation (17). 

(3) Benediction (18). 

VIII. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Paul speaks of Jesus as Lord twenty-five 
times in this brief Epistle. 

2. Christ is the resurrection and the life (1 
Thess. 4: 14-18) ; he is the medium of salvation (1 
Thess. 5 : 9 ) ; he is the source of our life through 
death (1 Thess. 5: 10). 

3. Paul urges personal purity; impurity was the 
common vice among the heathen. 

4. He insists upon industry (2 Thess. 3: 7-10). 
Where slave labor was so common, manual labor 
was considered a disgrace; but Paul dignified toil 
and restored God's design. 

5. He proclaims brotherly love as a new bond 
between them. "United in Christ.' , 

6. The second corning but emphasizes the Lord- 
ship of Jesus. 

7. The way to be ready for his coming is to be 
faithful in his service. 

IX. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1 Thess. 1:2, 3. 

2. 1 Thess. .3: 5. 



1 AND 2 THESSALONIANS 21 



3. 1 Thess. 3: 14-17. 

4. 1 Thess. 5: 8. 

5. 1 Thess. 5: 21, 22. 

X. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Give the main thesis of each Epistle. 

2. Give a brief history of Thessalonica. 

3. Describe the synagogue worship. 

4. Give an account of the founding of the 
church at Thessalonica. 

5. How did these Epistles come to be written? 

6. What is the practical value of the doctrine 
of the second coming? 

7. Did Paul expect an immediate advent of the 
Lord? 

8. Give the main divisions of 1 Thessalonians. 

9. Give an outline of 2 Thessalonians. 

10. Who is the "man of sin"? (2 Thess. 2: 3- 
12). 

11. Enumerate the things for which Paul 
prayed. 

12. For what did Paul commend the Thessa- 
lonians? 

13. What verse in 1 Thessalonians do you like 
best? 

14. What verse in 2 Thessalonians do you like 
best? 

15. What truth nugget do you gather from 1 
Thessalonians? 

16. What truth nugget do you gather from 2 
Thessalonians? 



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EPISTLES AND REVELATIOX 
BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



1 AND 2 THESS. 
Cox. of Chr. and His Rew. 



I. The Writ and Circux. IV. 

1. Whe. Pa. Wa. 

2. The Pur. 

II. The Chitr. and Its Cibcum. 

1. The Cit. 

2. The Synag. 

3. Estab. of the Chur, 



V. 



III. The Them. 

1. Rew. 

2. Prep. 

Trvth Nugget.— The open tomb opened all doors of 
progress and joy. 



Conc. Out. of 1 Thess. 

1. Intro. 

2. Cony. 

3. Conse. 

4. Culmin. 

5. Conclus. 

Conc. Out. of 2 Thess. 

1. Intro. 

2. Doct. 

3. Exhor. 
i. Conclus. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 78 to 107 in the back of the book. 



FART II. THE LAW AND GOS- 
PEL EPISTLES 

LESSOX IV. Romans. 

LESSOX V. 1 Corinthians. 

LESSOX VI. 2 Corinthians. 

LESSOX VH. Galatians. 

LESSON IV. ROMANS 
Salvation by Faith in Christ 

This group of Epistles includes Romans and 1 
and 2 Corinthians, and was written during the 



ROMANS 



26 



third missionary journey. The occasion of their 
writing was to meet the contention of certain Jew- 
ish Christians that the Gentiles must be circum- 
cised and keep the law of Moses, in order to be 
saved. The foundations of Christian faith are laid 
in the narratives of the Gospels, but the first de- 
velopment of Christian doctrine is found in this 
group, the Pauline Epistles. Paul is ever con- 
scious of the universality of sin, and declares that 
salvation is obtainable only by faith that produces 
faithfulness to God's will, and not in ceremonial- 
ism; -in heart service, not in outward riches; in 
being like God, not in doing the works of the law. 

I. THE APOSTLE TO THE GENTILES 

1. His Life. — Paul was a Hebrew, a native of 
Tarsus (Acts 21: 34-22: 3); of the tribe of Benja- 
min; of a devout family (Phil. 3: 5); a Roman 
citizen (Acts 16:35-39; 22:25-29); a Pharisee 
(Acts 23:6); a devout man (Gal. 1:23, 24); 
finely educated (Acts 22: 3) in the school of 
Gamaliel (Acts 5: 34, 35). He also gives evidence 
of Greek culture. He was a member of the San- 
hedrin (Acts 23: 1; 26: 10). He disputed with 
Stephen in the synagogue of the Cilicians (Acts 6: 
8-10), and was evidently beaten in the argument 
(Acts 26: 11). He leads in the martyrdom of 
Stephen (Acts 6: 11-15; 7: 54-8: 1), and in the 
persecution of the church (Acts 8: 1-3; 9:1, 2; 
22: 4, 5; 26: 9-11; 1 Cor. 15: 9; Gal. 1: 13; 1 
Tim. 1: 12, 13). 

2. His Conversion. 



26 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(1) Stephen's testimony and Christlike spirit 
(Acts 6: 8-15; 7: 1; 8: 1; 9: 5; 26: 14). 

(2) The mission of Ananias (Acts 9: 6; 10: 18; 
22: 12-16). 

(3) The heavenly vision was to qualify him to 
be an apostle and a witness of the resurrection 
(Acts 9: 15, 16; 22: 14, 15; 26: 16-18; Gal. 1: 15, 
16; 2: 7, 8; Rom. 1: 5; 1 Tim. 2: 7). 

(4) He began at once to preach the gospel to 
Jews and Gentiles (Acts 9: 19-25, 28, 29; Gal. f: 
15-17). 

(5) At the end of three years he visits Jeru- 
salem (Gal. 1: 17, 18). 

(6) He worked in Syria and Cilicia for about 
three years, then came to Antioch by invitation of 
Barnabas (Acts 11: 25, 26). 

(7) He remained there a year (Acts 11: 2 6). 

(8) He went with Barnabas to Jerusalem with 
relief for the Jewish brethren (Acts 11: 29, 30). 

(9) Called of the Holy Spirit to be a missionary 
(Acts 12: 25; 13: 2). 

He made three missionary journeys. At the 
close of the third he was arrested in Jerusalem, 
retained two years at Caesarea for ransom, sent to 
Rome, and abode two years in his own hired house 
as a prisoner. It is generally believed that he 
was released, visited the churches and went as far 
west as Spain, was the second time imprisoned, 
and then beheaded. No other man ever entered 
more fully into the heroic life and service and suf- 
fering of the Master. 

3. His Pen. 



ROMANS 



27 



(1) Paul the apostle to the Gentiles (Rom. 1: 
1) wrote the Roman letter. 

(2) Place and Date. — This letter was written 
from Corinth near the close of the throe months 
spent there on the third missionary journey (Acts 
19: 21; 20: 1-3; Rom. 16: 23; 1 Cor. 1: 14). It 
was written in the month of February, 5 8 A. D. 
He was being entertained in the home of Gaius, 
and Tertius was his amanuensis. Phcebe of Cen- 
chrese was about to sail for Rome, and Paul sends 
this letter by her. 

4. His Present Circumstances. 

(1) Paul often desired to visit this church, 
which was prevailingly Gentile (Rom. 1: 13, 14). 

(2) He had now completed his plan to go to 
Jerusalem from Corinth, and thence to Spain, stop- 
ping at Rome on his way (Rom. 15: 22-29). 

(3) He desired them to aid him on his way to 
Spain (Rom. 2: 8). 

(4) He had many personal friends and relatives 
in the Roman church (Rom. 16: 3-15). 

(5) He writes the letter to guard them against 
false teachers, to send personal greetings to his 
friends, and to have further aid on his purposed 
journey to Spain. 

II. THE CHURCH AND CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The City. 

(1) Rome was the capital of the Roman Em- 
pire, the center of the civilized world. 

2. The Founding of the Church. 

(1) The first message of the risen Lord was 



28 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



doubtless proclaimed by "sojourners from Rome," 
who heard the message on the day of Pentecost 
(Acts 2: 10). Just when the church was organ- 
ized no one knows. 

(2) The church was composed of both Jews and 
Gentiles (Rom. 1: 6-13; 2: 17-24; 9: 13). 

(3) When Paul wrote this Epistle he had 
never seen Rome (Rom. 1: 13). They were hos- 
pitable and already renowned (Acts 28: 15; Rom. 
1: 8). 

III. THE THEME: JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH 

1. Two Ways. — There are only two ways in 
which one may be justified before the law: 

(1) Either never to have violated the law, or, 

(2) Having violated the law, to be pardoned. 

The chosen people of God had been unable, be- 
cause of their weakness and sin, to keep the entire 
law, and hence were condemned by the law. There 
remained but one other way of justification, and 
that, according to the terms of forgiveness, 
through faith and obedience to Jesus Christ. 

2. Central Thought of Romans. 

(1) All have sinned and come under condemna- 
tion. 

(2) Having all sinned, hence all need a Saviour. 

(3) Christ died for all, therefore "Lord of all." 

(4) All Christians, through obedience "of 
faith," become members of his body, are filled 
with his Spirit, and have passed from condemna- 
tion into the glorious liberty and blessings of the 
sons of God. 



ROMANS 



29 



(5) With Paul sin was an awful thing, de- 
structive of life, liberty and love. Redemption is 
a glorious manifestation of the wisdom, knowledge 
and love of God. 

(6) The gospel is the power of God unto salva- 
tion to all who believe (Rom. 1: 16). 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Justification. 

3. Transformation. 

4. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Salutation. 

(2) Personal interest. 

(3) Reason for the letter. 

2. Justification. 

(1) Theme stated. 

(2) All have sinned, hence all are guilty. 

(3) Justification always through faith. 

(4) Our justification by faith in Christ. 

(5) This justification by grace precludes sin. 

(6) Christ alone gives victory. 

(7) As sons of God, there is 

a. No condemnation, and this is a pledge of com- 
plete salvation. 

&. Complete victory through faith in Christ. 
This is manifested in the rejection of Israel, the 
canceling of the law, and the acceptance of the 
Gentiles. 



30 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



3. Transformation by Faith. 

(1) Acceptable service by overcoming evil with 
good. 

(2) Love is the fulfillment of every law to state 
and society. 

(3) Christian liberty is manifested in what we 
give up for others, not in what we demand for our- 
selves. 

(4) Personal greetings and warnings. 

4. Conclusion. 

(1) Paul prays for their establishment accord- 
ing to the gospel. 

(2) Declares God's blessings are only through 
obedience of faith. 

(3) And the wisdom and glory of God are man- 
ifested in the obedience of faith in Christ. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The gospel is good news, or no news. 

2. It is a gospel of power, hence more than an 
ideal . or a system of ethics. It is more than an 
ideal, or it is no ideal. 

3. This power is to every one that believeth. 
The unbeliever has no connection with the power- 
house. 

4. The law condemned; the gospel justified. 

5. Any one who believes the story of God's love, 
as manifested in Christ, can no longer live in sin. 
To believe is to live. 

6. Adam brought sin and death; Christ brought 
forgiveness and life. 

7. By the disobedience of doubt, a man is sep- 



ROMAXS 



31 



arated from God; by obedience of faith, he is 
brought into a new life of fellowship with him. 
Doubt means disobedience; faith means fellowship. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. Rom. 1: 16. 

2. Rom. 6: 1-4. 

3. Rom. 6: 22, 23. 

4. Rom. 12: 1, 2, 21. 

5. Rom. 13: 10. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Why did Paul write this Epistle? 

2. Give the date of this Epistle and where writ- 
ten. 

3. What personal friends did Paul have in 
Rome? 

4. What made necessary the plan of re- 
demption? 

5. What is the universal ground of acceptance 
with God? 

6. Give an outline of Paul's life. 

7. Give an outline of the Epistle to the Ro- 
mans. 

8. Who constituted the church at Rome? 

9. What kinsfolk did Paul have in Rome? 

10. Who likely proclaimed the first gospel mes- 
sage in Rome? 

11. What is the theme of the Epistle? 

12. Give Paul's argument for justification by 
faith in chapters 4 and 5. 



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EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



13. What is the significance of baptism as re- 
corded in chapter 6? 

1 4. Give the relative values of the law and gos- 
pel. 

15. What is the fulfillment of the law, and how? 

16. To whom alone are God's blessings given? 

17. What was Paul's conception of sin and of 
justification? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



ROMANS. 
Salt. Br Fai. in Chri. 

I. Apos. to the Gent. III. Theme: Just, by Fai. 

1. His Li. 1. Two Wa. 

2. His Conv. 2. Gen. Tho. of Rom. 

3. His Pen. T „ _ _ 
i. His Pres. Circum. IV « Conc. Out. 

-r-r ^ ^ ^ 1- Intro. 

II. The Chi'r. and Cibcum. 2 . Just. 

1. Cit. 3. Transf. 

•2. Foun. of Cliur. 4. Conclus. 

V. Out. Sued. 

Truth Nugget.— The gospel is goodnews or no news. 
. — 

DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 108 to 136 in the back of the book. 



LESSON V. 1 CORINTHIANS 

The Church, the Medium of Christ's 
Work 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Th'e Writer. — Paul wrote 1 Corinthians. 

2. Place. — Corinth was situated on the isthmus 



1 CORINTHIAXS 



35 



joining upper and lower Greece. Merchants, sail- 
ors, adventurers, refugees from all quarters, abode 
here. The vices of both East and West joined in 
the work of human degradation. In a commercial 
way it was the most important city in Greece. 
The commerce of the world passed through its 
two harbors. 

In a political sense it was one of the most im- 
portant cities in Greece. When Greece was inde- 
pendent and its influence was filling the world, 
Corinth was at the head of the Achsean League. 
In 14 6 B. C. it was captured by the Romans and 
destroyed. It lay in waste for a century. In 4 6 
B. C. Julius Caesar rebuilt it, and it was soon re- 
stored to its former splendor. Under the Roman 
rule it practically became the capital of Greece. 

Its religious and moral condition was deplorable. 
Greek philosophy had lost its power over men's 
lives. They denied the future life for the sake 
of unlimited license in the present. Religion had 
been made to minister to the basest passions. The 
Jewish synagogue was the only institution where 
a religion of purity and morality was taught. 
Here, as usual, Paul began his ministry. 

3. Circumstances. — All we know of the estab- 
lishment of the church at Corinth we must learn 
from the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 18: 1-18) and 
the two Epistles to the Corinthians. 

(1) Paul came to Corinth from Athens, prob- 
ably in the autumn of A. D. 5 2 (Acts 18: 1). 

(2) He was alcne and discouraged for a time 
(Acts 18: 5; 1 Thess. 3:1). 



36 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(3) He abode with Aquila and Priscilla, work- 
ing at his trade (Acts 18: 2, 3; 1 Cor. 9: 6-15; 
2 Cor. 11: 7-9). He first preached in the syna- 
gogue, to Jews and Greek proselytes (Acts 18: 4). 

(4) He was joined by Silas and Timothy, who 
assisted in the ministry of power (Acts 18: 5; 2 
Cor. 1: 19). 

(5) When opposed by the Jews he went to a 
private house near by (Acts 18: 6, 7). 

(6) Paul remained here a year and a half (Acts 
18: 11, 18). 

(7) As the work succeeded, the opposition grew 
until Paul was arraigned before Gallio (Acts 18: 
12-17). 

(8) After this he sailed to Ephesus, thence to 
Cassarea in 54 A. D. (Acts 18: 18-22). 

II. THE CHURCH AND THE EPISTLE 

1. The Place. — The Epistle was written from 
Ephesus on Paul's third missionary journey, where 
he remained about three years (Acts 19: 1, 8, 10; 
20: 31). 

2. Circumstances. — Rumors had come to him of 
a bad state of affairs in the church caused by 
heathen customs and Jewish opposition. More 
definite reports of difficulties came through reliable 
parties (1 Cor. 1:11; 16: 17), and the church in 
distress writes asking his advice on certain per- 
plexing questions (1 Cor. 1: 1). These things 
furnish the occasion and give shaping to his first 
Epistle. The first Epistle was written near the 
close of his three years* ministry at Ephesus, and 



1 CORINTHIANS 



37 



prior to his journey into Macedonia and Achaia 
(Acts 19: 21, 22; 1 Cor. 16: 5-9), which would 
make the probable writing between 5 6 and 5 8 A. D. 

3. Questions Involved. — He had heard that there 
were divisions and strife among them (1: 11; 3: 
3). They tolerated heinous sins (5: 1); they went 
to law before heathen courts (6: 1); they de- 
graded the Lord's Supper (11: 17-34); they 
doubted the resurrection and preached their doubts 
(15: 1-58). 

The church had sent to him a letter asking con- 
cerning marriage (7: 1-24); virginity (7: 25-40); 
things offered to idols (8: 1-13); spiritual gifts 
(12: 1-31); the relative importance of such gifts 
(14: 1-40). It was very probable that Stephanas 
and his companions bore this letter back to Corinth 
(16: 17). 

ni. THE THEME 

The church of Christ is the only medium of 
doing Christ's work in the world. Divisions, sins, 
and a perversion of the doctrines and ordinances 
of the church, hinder its purpose in the world, and 
upon this ground they are condemned. 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Evils Corrected. 

3. Inquiries Considered. 

4. Personal Matters. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction, Salutation and Thanksgiving. 

2. Evils Corrected. 



38 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(1) Divisions rebuked. 

(2) The Word of the cross. 

(3) True and false wisdom contrasted. 

(4) Misconceptions of the church and faith. 

(5) Sins separating men from Christ. 

a. Adultery. 

b. Litigation. 

c. Sins of the body. 

3. Inquiries Considered. 

(1) Marriage. 

(2) Virgins. 

(3) Marriage of widows. 

(4) Things offered to idols. 

(5) Public worship. 

(6) Spiritual gifts. 

(7) The resurrection. 

4. Personal Matters. 

(1) Collection. 

(2) His visit. 

(3) Reception of Timothy and Apollos. 

(4) Exhortation. 

(5) Authority based on service. . 

(6) Salutation and benediction. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Divisions are dangerous. 

2. The one medium of the one Christ to save 
the world is the one church. 

3. The church is the temple of the Holy Spirit. 

4. Christ is the foundation, or there is no 
foundation. 

5. The believer joined to Christ is one spirit 



1 CORINTHIANS 



39 



with him, and all life's functions, powers and ac- 
tivities must be dominated by his spirit. 

6. Divisions and all sins are condemned because 
they hinder the church in its ministry of reconcilia- 
tion. 

7. Love is the greatest gift in building up the 
church. 

8. We can give without loving, but we can not 
love without giving. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1 Cor. 1: 10. 

2. 1 Cor. 2:2, 9. 

3. 1 Cor. 3: 9, 11. 

4. 1 Cor. 13: 1-13. 

5. 1 Cor. 15: 13, 14, 17 

6. 1 Cor. 15: 58. 

VTII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Where was Corinth situated? 

2. Give its history and political standing. 

3. What of its moral and religious condition? 

4. Who composed the church? 

5. Describe its beginning. 

6. When and where was 1 Corinthians written? 

7. What was the occasion of its writing? 

8. Was this the first letter to them? 

9. What conditions were reported to Paul con- 
cerning the church? 

10. About what things did they ask his advice? 

11. How does Paul classify divisions in the 
church? 



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42 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



12. Discuss woman's place in the church and her 
work. 

13. Discuss the place, purpose and design of 
spiritual gifts. 

14. What were their abuses of the Lord's Sup- 
per? 

15. Upon what is faith based? 

16. Give the witnesses for the resurrection. 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



1 CORINTHIANS. 
The Chur. the Med. of Christ's Wo. 

I. The Writ, and His. Circum. III. Theme. 

1. Writ. ttt 

2. pi a . IV. Conc. Out. 

3. Cireum. 1. Intro. 

tt m 2 - Er - Cor. 

II. The Chur. and the Epis. 3 i nquir . Co nd. 

1. Pla. 2. Circum. 4. Per. Matt. 

3. Ques. Involv. 
Truth Nugget.— Divisions are dangerous. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 137 to 178 in the back of the book. 



LESSON VI. 2 CORINTHIANS 
The Ministry of the Church of Christ 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

Before Paul wrote either Epistle to the Corinth- 
ians, he had purposed to visit them on his way 



2 CORINTHIANS 



back to Macedonia. They knew his designs, and 
some were anxious for his coming and some were 
not. He changed his mind when he learned from 
reliable persons of the apostate condition of the 
church. He determined to write demanding the 
church's withdrawal from the incestuous man, and 
to urge needed reformation, in order that his com- 
ing might be in joy and not in sorrow. He as- 
sures them that he will come, and urges them to 
have their gift ready for the needy saints in Judea. 

Paul was exceedingly anxious about the re- 
ception of his first letter, and had arranged for 
Timothy to follow up the message contained there- 
in (1 Cor. 16: 10), and had besought Apollos to 
visit them, doubtless in view of his popularity (1 
Cor. 16: 10). He had come to Troas, where he 
expected to meet Titus, who would tell him of 
conditions in the church (2 Cor. 2: 12, 13). Prom 
Troas he went to Macedonia, where he met Titus 
with good news from the church (2 ' Cor. 2: 13; 
7: 5-7, 13, 15; Acts 20: 1, 2). The result of the 
first letter was the desired reformation, but it 
stirred u^ great opposition (2 Cor. 2: 5-7; 7: 7- 
11). The Judaizers accused him of being fickle 
(1: 17, 18); of being proud and boastful (3: 1; 
5: 12); of obscurity in his preaching (4: 3); of 
being contemptible in appearance (4: 7-10; 6: 4- 
10; 10: 10; 12: 7-10); of being rude in speech 
and afraid to say in person what he had written 
(11: 6). 

1. The Place. — The Second Epistle was written 
within a few months of the first (2 Cor. 7:8, 9, 



44 



EPISTLES AXD R E VEL AT I OX 



12). It was written either just before leaving 
Ephesus or immediately upon his arrival among 
the Macedonian churches on his way to Corinth. 
Weight of authority favors the latter supposition 
(2 Cor. 9: 1-5; 12: 14; 13: 1; comp. Acts 20: 2). 

2. The Purpose. — Paul writes his Second Epistle 
to congratulate the church on its position against 
evil; to urge the brethren to restore the penitent 
man; to meet the calumnies of his accusers; and 
to urge the church to make a liberal offering for 
the needy (8: 16-19, comp. 1 Cor. 16: 1-4). Like 
a true servant of Jesus Christ, he never lost sight 
of his true purpose, under all the injustice of false 
accusers. He defends his ministry and apostle- 
ship, and exalts the ministry of the Word as above 
every vocation. Titus, who brought the encour- 
aging news of improved conditions in the church 
of Corinth, returns with this letter of encourage- 
ment. 

n. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The Place. — Same as described in the First 
Epistle. 

2. The Time. — The Epistle was written on Paul's 
third missionary journey. The church had de- 
livered the incestuous man to Satan, according to 
Paul's instruction in the First Epistle. They had 
in part adjusted their differences, and yet some 
denied his apostleship and held the ministry of 
the church in contempt. Paul writes the Second 
Epistle to meet these conditions. 



2 CORINTHIANS 



45 



III. THE THEME: THE EXALTATION OF THE 
MINISTRY OF JESUS CHRIST 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Salutation. 

2. Review. 

3. Benevolence. 

4. Vindication. , 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Salutation. 

(1) The church of God. 

(2) Grace and peace from God our Father and 
the Lord Jesus Christ. 

2. Review of Recent Events. — He expresses his 
own love for them and explains the delay of his 
visit. He praises them for their attitude towards 
sin, and urges them to restore the penitent to the 
fellowship of the church. He defends his ministry 
as superior to the ministry of the old covenant. 
It is instituted of God and is the means of eternal 
fellowship with God. It is Christ's ordained 
method of building up the church and conquering 
the world. 

3. Christian Benevolence. — The Macedonian 
churches, in their poverty, are upheld as an ex- 
ample of liberality. The Corinthians were rich in 
this world's goods, which imposed upon them a 
greater obligation of giving, and this is enforced 
by Christ's example. Christian liberality is the 
ground of Christian comity, and a liberal gift from 
them would bring praise to God. 



46 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 

4. Paul Vindicates His Apostolic Authority. — 

This is sustained by his meekness and gentleness, 
and the glorification, not of self, but of the Lord. 
He preached the gospel without charge, lest any 
one should accuse him of improper motives, though 
he had the divinely appointed right to demand 
their support in his spiritual ministration. His 
glorying, unlike his opponents', was in his weak- 
ness and the power of Jesus Christ. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The ministry of the new covenant is superior 
to the old. It is instituted of God, and its office 
is to preach the gospel of reconciliation. 

2. The ministers are qualified by God, and their 
authority is from God. 

3. They are not lords over God's heritage, but 
servants of Christ's people. 

4. They are designated as ministers of Christ, of 
righteousness, of the new covenant. 

5. They are ambassadors for Christ, and min- 
isters of God, having the ministry of reconciliation. 

6. They must be patient and willing to suffer 
for Christ's sake; not conceited, not walking in 
craftiness, not serving for money, and not easily 
discouraged. 

7. They must renounce all hidden things of 
shame and avoid all unnecessary offence. 

8. They must preach not themselves, not philos- 
ophy, but preach the truth in sincerity and love. 

9. Their lives should be an open book. 

10. The church should regard them as ministers 



2 CORINTHIANS 



47 



of Christ, pray for them, support them, and follow 
their holy example. 

11. No man should open God's Book to others 
unless his life is an open book, 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 2 Cor. 4: 5. 

2. 4: 14-18. 

3. 5: 17, 

4. 6: 14. 

5. 13: 11. 

VILE. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. The nature of the ministry. 

2. The characteristics of the ministry. 

3. What the minister is to preach. 

4. The attitude of the church to its ministers. 

5. What called forth the Second Epistle'? 

6. When and where written? 

7. Give the general divisions. 

8. What prompted the change in Paul's plans to 
go to Corinth? 

9. Give the points in the nature of the ministry. 

10. Give the characteristics of a true minister. 

11. What is the minister to preach? 

12. What is he not to preach? 

13. How shall he commend himself? 

14. What should be the attitude of the church 
to the minister? 

15. Give the methods and purposes of church 
discipline. 



GALATIANS 



49 



16. What is the Christian's duty to the poor? 

17. What should be the Christian's attitude to- 
ward sin? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



2 CORINTHIANS. 

I. The Weit. and Hi, Cie. III. Theme: Exa t t. of 
l t pi a> Min. of Jes. Che. 

2< Pur " IV. Conc. Out. 

II. The Chue. and Its ~j_ Salut 

Ciecum. 2 ] Rev. 

1. Pla. 3. Benev. 

2. Ti. 4. Vindic. 
Truth Nugget —No man should open God's book to 

others unless his life is an open book. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 179 to 188 in the back of the book. 



LESSON VII. GALATIANS 
Christ the Liberator 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place. — It is difficult to determine the time 
and place of the writing of this Epistle. We 
know that it was written after 5 4 A. D. It seems 
to have been written before Romans (58 A. D.). 
Galatians is the outline of Paul's defense against 
Judaism, while Romans is the development and 
the full discussion. They were probably written 
about the same time, when this line of argument 
was uppermost in the mind of Paul, its author. It 



50 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



is therefore supposed to have been written about 
5 7 or 5 8 A. D. 

2. Circumstances. — The Galatian churches were 
being enticed away from their liberties in Jesus 
Christ to a slavish observance of the Mosaic law, 
including circumcision and its ritual. Paul writes 
to defend their liberties in the gospel of Jesus 
Christ. 

II. THE CHURCHES AND THEIR CIRCUM- 
STANCES 

1. The Place. — The term "Galatia" is used in two 
ways, geographically and politically. Geographic- 
ally it represents the highlands of Asia Minor, oc- 
cupied by Celtic people of warlike tendencies. Po- 
litically it included Lycaonia, Isauria and parts of 
Phrygia and Pisidia; this constituted the Roman 
province of Galatia. Luke in Acts and Paul in 
the Epistles seems to use the term in its geograph- 
ical sense. These churches were organized on 
Paul's second missionary journey (Acts 13: 3 5- 
16: 6). A great sickness overcame him, and he 
likely sought the uplands for recovery (see Gal. 4: 
11-13). While here Paul preached to them, and 
they received his message gladly ( Acts 16: 1; Gal. 
4: 14, 15). Their fickleness is indicated from the 
fact that he visited them again on his third mis- 
sionary journey for the strengthening of their 
faith (Acts 18: 23). The names of the churches 
are nowhere given. 

2. Time and Circumstances. — The Epistle was 
probably written A. D. 5 7. The young churches 



GAL ATI Ay 8 



51 



at first did well, but soon the Judaizers found 
their way among them and taught that the Chris- 
tian must be circumcised and keep the law of 
Moses in order to be saved. They claimed Jesus 
as their Messiah, but still looked for salvation 
through the works of the law. They refused to be 
bound by the decision of the conference at Jerusa- 
lem (Acts 15: 22-29). They disputed Paul's apos- 
tolic authority, disputed his doctrine, and encour- 
aged non-Christian conduct. The faith of the Gala- 
tians was shaken and their salvation was jeopardized. 

In most of Paul's Epistles he declares his apos- 
tl^ship, but in the introduction to Galatians he de- 
fends that claim with more emphasis than in any 
other. With great care he makes his defense, both 
negatively and positively. There is no personal 
salutation or thanksgiving. Instead of the usual 
expression, "I thank my God for you," he said, "I 
marvel" at your fickleness. Paul considered this 
such a terrible thing that he will pronounce a 
curse upon those who caused the trouble. 

III. THEME: CHRIST THE LIBERATOR 

In the first two chapters he shows how he re- 
ceived this gospel by revelation of Christ and vindi- 
cated his apostleship. In the third and fourth 
chapters he shows Christ's relation to the law, 
and proves the superiority of the gospel over the 
law and shows that liberty is not through the 
works of the law, but through faith in Christ. In 
the last two chapters he shows that liberty is not 
license. 



52 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. His Gospel Defended. 

3. His Gospel Declared. 

4. His Gospel's Demand. 

5. Conclusion. 

V. THE OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Personal greeting. 

(2) The subject of the Epistle. He marvels 
that they are so quickly removed unto a different 
gospel, which is not another gospel, but a perver- 
sion of the gospel of Jesus Christ, and declares 
that there can be no other message of salvation 
than that which he had preached to them. 

2. His Gospel Defended. 

(1) It was received by revelation proclaimed 
without consultation, received with acclamation 
by the churches of Judea. 

(2) It was confirmed by conference with the 
church at Jerusalem and the hand of fellowship 
given by them. 

(3) It was confirmed by the experience of Peter, 
who accepted Paul's position on the question of 
circumcision, though he himself was unable to 
live up to its demands, for which Paul as an apos- 
tle rebuked him. 

3. His Gospel Declared. — Justification and liber- 
ation by faith in Christ. 

(1) This is proven by history, by the experi- 



GALATIANS 



53 



ences of the Galatians, and by the promise to 
Abraham. 

(2) The law can not justify, it condemns. Ac- 
cording to prophecy, the righteous live by faith, while 
the curse of the law is removed by Christian faith. 

(3) What was the relation of the law to the 
gospel? The promised blessing for the whole 
world antedated the law, which was only to re- 
strain men from sinning until the promise should 
be fulfilled by faith in Jesus Christ. 

(4) The two covenants contrasted. The law 
was given for the childhood of the race, while its 
majority and liberty was found in Jesus Christ. 
They were in bondage under the law and to idol- 
atry, but in the fullness of time God sent forth his 
Son, born of woman under the law, to redeem 
those under the law, and that we (the Gentiles) 
might receive the adoption as sons. He proves 
this statement by his own personal experience as 
well as their own. He declares the Judaizers to 
be dominated by this spirit of bondage in con- 
trast with their liberty in Jesus Christ. He en- 
forces this truth in an allegory in which Ishmael, 
the son of the bondwoman, represents the Jews, 
and Isaac represents the heirs of promise by faith 
in Christ. 

4. His Gospel's Demand. 

(1) The fulfillment of the purpose of their 
emancipation. If they recived circumcision, Christ 
would profit them nothing, for we through the 
Spirit, by faith, wait for the hope of righteousness, 
a faith that worketh through love. 



54 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



(2) Judgment upon those who destroy the 
saints. 

(3) It demands the proper use, and not abuse, 
of Christian liberty. Love is contrasted with lust 
and hate, and the works of the flesh with the works 
of the Spirit. 

(4) Freedom implies forbearance and helpful- 
ness. To bear one another's burdens is the law 
of Christ. Liberality towards their teacher and 
those in need is the final result. 

5. Conclusion. — He describes how the letter was 
written, and reminds them of the contrast between 
himself and false teachers. Declares that the true 
Israel of God are those who are circumcised in 
heart and not in flesh, and reminds them of his 
marks of his voluntary bondservice to Jesus Christ. 
He closed with the benediction, "The grace of our 
Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirits." 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Paul's gospel was by revelation from Jesus 
Christ and not from men. 

2. Justification and liberation are by the gospel 
and not by the law. 

3. Christian liberty is manifested by what we 
give up for others, not in what we claim for our- 
selves. 

4. The law of helpfulness in time of need is 
the law of Christ. 

5. The presence of the Holy Spirit is known by 
the fruits of the Spirit in the lives of men. 



GALATIANS 



55 



6. The power of the gospel is manifested in 
transformed lives. 

7. "Whom the Son hath made free, he is free 
indeed." 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. Gal. 4: 4, 5. 

2. 4: 6, 7. 

3. 5: 22-24. 

4. 6: 1, 2. 

5. 6: 7, 8. 

6. 6: 9, 10. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Who were the Galatians? 

2. In what two ways was the name "Galatia" 
used? 

3. When were these churches established? 

4. What was the occasion of writing this Epis- 
tle? 

5. What is peculiar in the introduction? 

6. Name the main divisions of the Epistles. 

7. Give the arguments in defense of the gospel. 

8. What are the demands of the gospel? 

9. How may we know those who walk by the 
Spirit? 

10. Prom whence did Paul receive this gospel? 

11. Give Paul's argument for justification by 
faith. 

12. Give his contrast between the law and the 
gospel. 



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EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



13. Give the difference between the two cove- 
nants. 

14. Give the allegory and its meaning. 

15. For what are we set free? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



GALATIANS. 



I. Writ, and Hi. Cibctjm. 

1. Pla. 

2. Circuni. 

II. Churc. and The. Circum. 

1. Pla. 

2. Ti. and Circuni. 



III. Theme : Che. thf 
Liber. 



IV. Conc. Out. 
Intro. 

His Gos. Defend. 
His Gos. Declar. 
His Gos. Deman. 
Conclus. 



Truth Nugget.— The power of the gospel is manifested 

in transformed lives. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 189 to 214 in the back of the book. 



PART III. TRANSITIONAL 
EPISTLE 

LESSON VIII. PHILIPPIANS 

The Mind of Christ is the Secret 
of Joy 

Paul's letter to the Philippians differs from all 
other of his writings in that it lacks a definite 
scheme of doctrine, and also that there is no harsh 
rebuke nor correction of evils contained therein. 



PHILIPPIAXS 



59 



It has been called his love letter. From this we 
infer that this church most nearly approached the 
apostolic ideal in life and service. The word "sin" 
is not mentioned. The flesh is only mentioned that 
it may be ignored. It was written by one who 
loved those who loved him. It is filled with ex- 
pressions of joy by one who had learned that hap- 
piness is not incident to externalities. 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place.— The Epistle was written in Rome dur- 
ing Paul's imprisonment (Acts 2S: 30, 31; Phil. 1: 
7-13; 4: 22), about five years after the writing 
of the Law and Gospel Epistles. 

2. Circumstances. — The occasion was the send- 
ing of a gift to the apostle by the hand of 
Epaphroditus, who entered heartily into the work 
of the Lord in Rome, was taken violently ill and 
came nigh unto death. Upon his recovery Paul 
sent him back to them with his letter of rejoicing 
(2: 25-30; 4: 10-19). 

II. THE CHURCH AXD ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place. — The city of Philippi played a large 
part in the destiny of the world. In 358 B. C. it 
was seized by Philip of Macedon and made the 
eastern fortress of his kingdom. In 4 2 B. C. the 
republican forces of Rome were defeated by Octa- 
vius and Marcus Antonius, and, as a result of this 
battle. Octavius became the Roman emperor Augus- 
tus. Here the political liberties of the people died, 
and because of this victory the city was made a 



60 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



Roman colony. Here Paul, with three companions, 
began his work in Europe, which shall end in uni- 
versal liberty and peace. Here was established the 
first Christian church in Europe. The beginning 
of this work was in accordance with the guidance 
of the Holy Spirit and in answer to the vision of 
the man from Macedonia. Philippi was the first 
city of importance in this district. 

2. The Circumstances. — Where the Jews had no 
synagogue they met beside a running stream to 
worship. Jewish influence was not strong, and 
evidently only a few lived there, since there is no 
mention of a Jewish synagogue. On the Sabbath 
day Paul and his companions went forth without 
the gate to the river-side where prayer was ac- 
customed to be made. Here he preached the gos- 
pel to Lydia, a merchant woman, and God opened 
her heart to believe. She and her household were 
the first to be baptized into Jesus Christ. Oppo- 
sition came, not from the Jews, but from men who 
were deprived of their source of gain through the 
healing of an unfortunate girl. Paul and Silas 
were beaten and cast into prison, which furnished 
the opportunity to preach the gospel to the jailer 
and all that were in his house. They believed and 
were baptized the same hour of the night, and 
thus was added to the church the first Gentile 
constituency. Paul stood upon his rights as a 
Roman citizen and demanded his public release. 
He leaves the city for Thessalonica, but Luke, the 
evangelist and physician, evidently remained to 
care for the young church. 



PHILIPPIANS 



61 



III. THE THEME: THE MIND OF CHRIST IS 
THE SECRET OF JOY 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Happiness. 

3. Humility. 

4. Helpfulness. 

5. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) The writers. 

(2) Those addressed. 

(3) Salutation. 

2. Happiness. 

(1) The joys of memory. 

(2) Joys in affliction. 

(3) Joys in anticipation. 

3. A Joyful Life of Humility. 

(1) Such a life alone is worthy of the gospel. 

(2) The mind of Christ. 
a. Manifested in them. 

6. Manifested in Christ Jesus. 
c. Manifested in obedience. 

(3) Their joy in the Lord, safety, warning, 
glory, Christ a rule of life, and their heavenly 
citizenship. 

4. Exhortation to Helpfulness. 

(1) His joy and crown. 

(2) Help for those estranged from each other. 

(3) A wider application of this principle. 



62 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(4) Joy not in externalities alone. 
a. His joy in their thought of him. 
6. The secret of contentment. 

c. Fellowship in giving and receiving. 

d. Future riches and glory. 

5. Conclusion. 

(1) Salutation. 

a. To all the saints in Christ Jesus. 

b. From the brethren. 

c. All the saints of Caesar's household. 

(2) Benediction. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The Philippian was the first Christian church 
in Europe. 

2. Paul's imprisonment turned out for the fur- 
therance of the gospel. 

3. The way of progress is by the way of the 
cross. 

4. Because of Christ's humiliation he has been 
given a name that is above every name. 

* 5. "At the name of Jesus every knee shall bow, 
and every tongue shall confess that Jesus Christ 
is Lord, to the glory of God the Father." 

6. Paul confidently expected to be released from 
prison. 

7. Our citizenship is in heaven, and there we 
shall attam to the honor and glory of his likeness. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 



1. 1: 21. 

2. 2: 1-4. 



PHILIPPIAXS 



63 



3. 2: 5-: . 

4. 4: 1, 4. 

5. 4: 8, 9. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. How does the Epistle to the Ephesians differ 
from the other Pauline Epistles'? 

2. What is the theme? 

3. Give a brief history of the city of Philippi. 
Where located? 

4. What was the relation of this church to 
European Christianity? 

5. Give the incidents of its founding. 

6. Who were its first members, both Jew and 
Gentile? 

7. Give an account of the conversion of each. 

8. Who were Paul's companions and colaborers? 

9. Give the time and place of the writing of the 
Epistle. 

l r >. By whom was it sent? 

11. What officers of the church mentioned., and 
the duty of each? 

12. What were the results of Paul's imprison- 
ment? 

13. Give the steps in Christ's humiliation. 

14. What dangers threatened their joy and sal- 
vation? 

15. How are differences between Christians to 
be dealt with? 

16. Give Paul's exposition of true righteousness 
and perfection. 



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66 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 

17. How are Christians to live worthy of the 
gospel? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



PHILIPPIANS. 

I. Writ, and Circum. III. Theme : Mi. of Christ 

1. Pla. Sec - of Joy - 

2. Circum. __. _ _ 

IV. Conc. Out. 

II. Chur. and Its Circum. ± Intro. 4. Helpf. 

1. Pla. 2. Happin. 5. Conclus. 

2. Circum. 3. Humil. 

Truth Nugget.— The way of progress is by way of the 
cross. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 215 to 245 in the back of the book. 



PART IV. CHRISTOLOGICAL 
EPISTLES 

LESSON IX. EPHESIANS 
The Church the Body of Christ 

In passing from the polemical Epistles to those 
of the imprisonment, we are conscious of entering 
a different atmosphere. The first are heated with 
controversy, the latter are reflective. In the first, 
Christ occupies an historical place; in the latter, 
a universal or cosmical place. The conflict in the 
latter is between Satan and Christ, with the assur- 
ance of victory on the side of the Son of God and 
his church. 



EPHESIANS 



67 



Ephesians and Colossians are companion Epis- 
tles, a complement and explanation of each other. 
Both treat of Christ and his church. Ephesians 
exalts the church as the body of Christ, and Colos- 
sians exalts the Christ as the head of the church. 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place. — The Epistle was written by the apos- 
tle Paul in the year 62 or 63 A. D., during his 
Roman imprisonment. 

2. Circumstances. — Paul was permitted to live 
in his own hired house for the space of two years, 
during which time people came to him in great 
numbers, to whom he expounded the law of Moses 
and the prophets testifying the kingdom of God 
(Acts 28: 16-31). Among his visitors were mes- 
sengers from distant churches, including Tychicus 
from Ephesus and Epaphras from Colosse. This 
letter was sent by the former to the "saints and 
faithful" that they might know his state and that 
their hearts might be comforted (Eph. 6: 22). 

It is likely that this Epistle was not sent to the 
church at Ephesus alone, but to a group of 
churches of which Ephesus was the center. The 
Epistle is general in character, and lacks local 
coloring and application. Being deprived of the 
privilege of visiting the churches and confirming 
the brethren in their faith, this Epistle was* written 
for this purpose. 

II. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 
1. The Place. — Next to Rome, Ephesus was the 

most important city visited by the apostle Paul. 



68 EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



It was settled by colonists from Athens, whose 
thought and sentiment mingled with the Asiatic 
races and made it cosmopolitan in spirit. It was 
a great commercial and religious center. It was 
noted especially for idolatry and pleasure-seeking. 
The temple of Diana, which was one of the seven 
wonders of the ancient world, was located here. 
It was built of marble, and its dimensions were 
164x234 feet, and the time spent in building was 
2 20 years. Here people came from all the in- 
habitable world to worship (Acts 19: 24-41). Here 
also was the great theater which was hewn from 
the western slope of Mt. Coresus, and seated about 
fifty thousand people. Here beasts fought with 
beasts and with man for the amusement of the 
populace (Acts 19: 29; comp. 15: 32). 

The apostle first came to the city while return- 
ing from his second missionary journey. He 
brought with him Aquila and Priscilla, whom he 
left here, doubtless with the purpose of providing 
a home and helpers on his return. His stay was 
not long, but, reasoning in the synagogue, he made 
a favorable impression and was urged to remain. 
Having taken a vow which must be fulfilled at 
Jerusalem, he promised to return (Acts 18: 18- 
21). Daring his absence, Apollos visited Ephesus 
and passed on to Corinth (Acts' 18: 24-19: 1). 

On his third missionary journey Paul again 
stopped at Ephesus, and abode three years (Acts 
20: 31). The gospel message spread throughout 
all Asia. The opposition was manifold. Jews of 
the synagogue, sons of Sceva, magicians, idolaters 



EPHESIANS 



69 



and commercial interests combined against him; 
yet above it all '"the name of the Lord was mag- 
nified" (Acts 18: 24-19: 4). The Ephesian church 
became the center of great missionary activity. 
After Paul's departure they were disturbed by 
Judaism and Oriental speculation. 

in. THE THEME: THE CHURCH THE BODY 
OF CHRIST 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Fulfillment. 

3. The Church and Our Earthly Calling. 

4. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Greeting by an apostle to the saints and 
faithful. 

(2) Salutation: "Grace and peace from God the 
Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ." 

2. The Church the Fulfillment of an Eternal 
Purpose. 

(1) Spiritual blessing in Christ Jesus. All 
spiritual blessings are in and through the church, 
the body of Christ. 

a. Predestined purpose; chosen in Christ Jesus, 
holy and blameless before him in love, foreor- 
dained in him, adoption in him to the praise of his 
glory in the beloved. 

&. Predestined method; redemption through 
blood in Christ, forgiveness in him, riches of grace 



70 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



in him, revelation in him, to sum up all things in 
him, things in heaven and things on earth. 

c. Predestined results; they are to be God's her- 
itage in him foreordained in Christ, to have their 
hope in Christ, the word of truth in him, to be- 
lieve in him, to be sealed with the Holy Spirit of 
promise in him, to have our inheritance in him, 
to be God's possession and the praise of his glory 
in Christ Jesus. 

(2) Prayer for wisdom and knowledge. 

a. Of the hope of his calling and inheritance of 
the saints. 

d. And of the authority of Christ. 

( 3 ) The edification of the church. 

a. Individuals by changed lives and good works. 

1). By the union of the church which is discussed 
under the figures of "one new man," "one body," 
and "one building." 

(4) The church's vocation. 

a. Imprisonment did not deter Paul from his 
calling. 

He prays for the family of God on earth. 

c. The church's possessions and its possessor. 

3. The Church and Our Earthly Calling.— "Walk 
worthily of the calling wherewith you have been 
called. 

(1) In regard to the church. 

a. Preserving the unity of the Spirit. 

Z). The fundamental unities of the body. 

c. Diversities of gifts and unity of ministration 
to the edifying and perfecting of the body of 
Christ. 



EPHESIANS 71 

(2) In regard to conduct of the individual 
family and masters in service. 

(3) In regard to spiritual warfare and final vic- 
tory. Put on the whole armor of God, fight, 
watch and pray. 

4. Conclusion. 

(1) Personal request for prayers. 

(2) Messengers from Paul. 

(3) Final benediction; "Peace, love and faith 
from God the Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ." 
"Grace be with all them that love our Lord Jesus 
Christ with a love incorruptible. 5 * 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. There is one body, and that body is the 
church of Christ. 

2. The church is the medium through which 
God manifests his manifold wisdom and love. 

3. The church is the church of Christ only so 
far as it manifests the one spirit and is inspired 
by the one hope. 

4. If one spirit dwells in us, it is one Lord that 
reigns over us. 

5. If we have one hope to work for, it is be- 
cause we have one faith to live by. 

6. "One Lord, one faith and one baptism." 

7. There is one God and Father of all, who is 
over the one body, through the one Lord, and in 
all the members of his church. 

8. Every spiritual blessing is in Christ Jesus 
according to the predestined purpose and method 
and result of God. 



74 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



VII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

I. Christological Epistles. 

1. What are the characteristic differences be- 
tween the "Law and Gospel" and "Christological 
Epistles"? 

2. Give the doctrine of the Incarnation. 

3. The purpose of the Incarnation. 

4. What is the keynote of Paul's ethical teach- 
ing? 

5. Show the relation between Ephesians and 
Colossians. 

II. Ephesians. 

1. What is the theme in this Epistle? 

2. Mark its differences as compared with Ro- 
mans and 1 and 2 Corinthians. 

3. Name the points in Paul's discussion of Chris- 
tian union. 

III. The City and the Church. 

1. Describe the city of Ephesus. 

2. Give a brief history of the city. 

3. For what was it noted? 

4. Give an account of Paul's labors here as re- 
corded in Acts. 

IV. The Epistle. 

1. Give the place and time of writing. 

2. By whom was this Epistle sent and to whom? 

3. What are the keywords in the Epistle? 

4. Give the principles of individual conduct. 

5. Give the principles of family life. 



COLOSSIAXS 



75 



BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



3. Chur. and our Ear. Call, 

4. Conclus. 



EPHESIANS. 

I. Writ, and Circum. IV. Conc. Out 
1. Pla. 2. Circum. 1, Intro. 

II. Chur. and Circum. \- fulfill 

1. Pla. 

HI. Theme : Chur. the Bod. 
of Christ. 

Truth Nugget— The church is the church of Christ 
only so far as it manifests the one spirit and is inspired 
by the one hope. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 246 to 275 in the back of the book. 



LESSON X. COLOSSIANS 

The Glorious Christ the Head of His 
Church 

In each of Paul's great Epistles there is one 
central thought. In Thessalonians it is the coming 
of Christ the Lord and his reward. In 1 Corinthi- 
ans it is the church of Christ, the medium 
of his ministration. In 2 Corinthians it is 
the ministry of Christ and its ministration. 
In Galatians it is Christ the liberator. In 
Philippians it is the mind of Christ the secret 
of joy. In Ephesians it is the church the body of 
Christ. In Colossians it is Christ the head of the 
church. What a glorious ending of the doctrinal 
Epistles of the apostle to the Gentiles! 



76 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



The Christ whom the world needs is not merely 
the perfect man, nor the heroic sufferer, nor the 
teacher of a practical philosophy or ethics, but a 
divine Christ of power; the source of all creation, 
its Lord and sustainer, who from the beginning 
has been the source of life and before the founda- 
tion of the world was in the bosom of the Father. 
Such is the Christ that Paul has presented in this 
Epistle. 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Pla»ee. — This Epistle was written by Paul 
from his Roman prison about the year 62 or 63 
A. D. It is a companion Epistle to the Ephesians 
and written about the same time. 

2. Circumstances. — Paul was not the founder of 
the church (2: 1). It is probable that Epaphras 
established the church during the time of the 
great religious movement incident to Paul's labors 
in Ephesus (1: 7). 

Epaphras came to consult the apostle concerning 
two dangerous doctrines that were disturbing the 
church. One was inspired by Jewish ritualists; 
the other by Oriental speculators, to whom the 
world was filled with matter and force, which left 
no place for the personal presence of Christ in the 
affairs of men and the progress of the world. The 
fundamental thesis of this latter doctrine is an- 
tagonistic to God and Christ. The conclusion, 
then, must be that God had nothing to do with its 
creation or government. Hence, if man would be 
holy, he must withdraw from the world. If matter 



COLOSSIANS 77 

be the source of all evil, then faith, which im- 
plants a new life, is ineffectual, and the mediation 
between God and man is not of Christ Jesus, but 
of angels or demons who were freed from the 
flesh. Paul presents the glorious Christ as a cure 
for both of these errors. 

II. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The Place. — The town of Colosse was located 
on the Lycus River, a small stream entering into 
the Meander. It was about twelve miles above the 
important cities of Laodicea and Hierapolis, where 
there w,ere Christian churches. One of these gained 
the bad distinction of having a tepid religion. 
Colosse was an insignificant town, a place of minor 
activities, where people have time for useless dis- 
cussion and idle speculation. 

2. Time and Circumstances. — We do not know 
when or by whom the church was founded. 

III. THE THEME: MANIFESTATION : THE 
GLORIOUS CHRIST THE HEAD 
OF HIS CHURCH 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Christ's Pre-eminence. 

3. Christ's Authority. 

4. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 
1. Introduction. 

(1) Salutation by an apostle of Jesus Christ to 
the saints and faithful brethren in Christ. 



78 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(2) Benediction: "Grace to you and peace from 
God the Father." 

(3) The prelude. In this he emphasized the 
place of faith, love and hope, all of which were ex- 
cluded in the prevailing heresies. 

2. Christ's Pre-eminence. 

(1) The relation of Christ and the redeemed. 

a. A prayer for the graces needed. 

b. Christ a personal Saviour who is our inherit- 
ance, deliverance, redemption and forgiveness. 

(2) The glorious Christ described. 

a. In relation to God and creation; the image of 
the invisible, the first-born of creation, the creator 
of all things and before all created things. The 
one who holds all things together. 

b. In relation to the church; its head, the first- 
born from the dead, pre-eminent in all things and 
the maker of all things to the church. 

c. In relation to the redeemed; they are recon- 
ciled to God through the blood of his cross, 
through his supreme personality, and by the trans- 
formed lives of Christians through faith in his 
death. He also is their preserver if they continue 
in faith and hope. 

(3) The ministry of Christ revealed in and 
through his church. 

a. The ministry revealed to the saints. 

b. The ministry revealed in transformed lives of 
Christians. 

c. The ministry of God revealed in Christ, the 
head of the church. 

(4) The reason for its doctrinal statement; that 



COLOSSIAXS 



79 



no one may delude you with persuasiveness of 
speech, and that they remain steadfast in the faith 
of Christ. 

3. Christ's Authority and the Church's Submis- 
sion to Him. 

(1) The relation of the redeemed and the 
Christ. 

a. Exhorted to walk in him. 

b. Warning against the traditions of men and 
philosophy so called. 

c. For in him dwelleth all the fullness of the 
Godhead bodily. 

(2) The church is made complete in him. 

a. All spiritual blessings are in him; made full 
in him, all authority and power in him, they are 
cleansed in him, baptized into him, raised with 
him, made alive with him, forgiven in him, freed 
from the ritual of the law by his cross, and are 
made to triumph over world powers and the 
power of Satan in him. 

ft. Parenthetic application of these truths to 
their needs and dangers. 

c. Exhortation to live with Christ. They were 
raised with Christ, and their lives were hid with 
Christ in God, but the glory of this new life with 
him is yet to be manifested, 

(3) Practical living in his church. 

a. General precepts; slaying of self, new stature 
manifested in the new life and its habiliments and 
the rules of life and worship. 

b. Special application to 
(a) Husbands and wives. 



80 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



(6) Parents and children. 

(c) Masters and servants. 

(4) Reasons for this teaching. 

a. To manifest the ministry of Christ. 

h. To redeem the times. 

4. Conclusion. 

(1) Personal matters. 

(2) Benediction. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Paul's prayer was that they be filled with the 
knowledge of His will, walk worthily, and bear 
fruit in every good work. 

2. All the attributes of God are manifested in 
Christ. 

3. Christ is head of his church by reason of his 
victory over death. 

4. "It is the good pleasure that in him should 
all the fulness dwell." 

5. The redeemed are reconciled to God through 
the blood of his cross. 

6. "All things are from the Father unto us, 
through him; and we unto the Father, through 
him." 

7. The Colossians were seeking after ministries, 
and Paul declares the ministry of God in Christ, 
the ministry of Christ in the redeemed, and the 
ministry of a perfected and victorious church, the 
body of Christ. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. Col. 1 : 21, 22. 
2. 2: 6, 7. 



COLOSSIANS 



81 



3. 


2: 


8-10. 


4. 


3: 


1-3. 


5. 


3 ' 


12-14 


6. 


3: 


17. 



Vm. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. What is the fundamental difference between 
Colossians and Ephesians? 

2. Give the central thought in each of the great 
doctrinal Epistles. 

3. Where was Colosse? 

4. What was the occasion of writing this Epis- 
tle? 

5. What two heresies threatened the church? 

6. What was Paul's introductory prayer for 
them? 

7. Enumerate the spiritual blessings in Christ? 

8. Give the laws of reconciliation. 

9. What evidence that Christ's suffering alone is 
not sufficient for the world's redemption? 

10. Name the three great ministries revealed. 

11. Discuss the doctrine of the incarnation. 

12. Discuss the doctrine of mediation between 
God and man. 

13. Enumerate the graces needed by those in 
Christ. 

14. Name the blessings in Christ our Saviour. 

15. Name the rules of practical Christian living. 

16. What verse in Colossians do you like best? 

17. What nugget of truth do you gather from 
a study of Colossians? 



84 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 
BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



COLOSSIANS. 



III. Theme: Manif. : Glo. 
Christ Head of 
His Chub. § 
IV. Con. Out. 

1. Intro. 

2. Christ's Pre-em. 

3. Christ's Author. 

4. Conclus. 

Truth Nugget.— Prayer that is effective must go by 
way of Christ. 



I. Wri. and Circum. 

1. Pla. 

2. Circum. 

II. Chur. and Circum. 
lc Pla. 

2. Ti. and Circum, 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 276 to 296 in the back of the book. 



PART V. PASTORAL AND PER- 
SONAL EPISTLES 

These differ from Paul's other Epistles in sev- 
eral particulars. (1) They are addressed to indi- 
viduals rather than congregations. (2) They 
were written to ministers and prominent Chris- 
tians concerning the care of the churches and 
their personal attitude to others. In 1 Timothy 
and Titus the pastoral element prevails; in Phile- 
man and 2 Timothy the personal elements prevail. 

LESSON XI. 

The Pastoral Epistles: 1 Timothy 
and Titus 

Paul's custom was to gather about him younger 
persons who filled out the measure of his ministry, 



1 TIMOTHY 



85 



and to whom he was a guide and inspiration. 
There were about thirty of these mentioned in the 
New Testament. Choicest among these were Tim- 
othy and Titus. 

A. 1 TIMOTHY 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The Place. — It is now generally believed that 
Paul was released from his first imprisonment, an 
account of which is given in Acts 28: 16-31. We 
believe that his continuous longing unto Spain 
(Rom. 15: 24) was granted him of the Lord. It 
was during the time of his release that his first 
Epistles, Timothy and Titus, were written. These 
Epistles give only a glimpse of the movements of 
the apostles. His release was fully expected by 
him (Phil. 2: 24; Philem. 2 2), and his judgment 
was inerrant. Upon his release from prison he 
goes to Ephesus; leaving Timothy there, he de- 
parted for Macedonia ( 1 Tim. 1:3). Prom some 
place in Macedonia or Greece he sailed for Crete, 
where he left Titus, intending to spend the winter 
in Nicopolis (Tit. 1: 5; 3: 12). At the time ' of 
writing 2 Timothy, Paul was again a prisoner in 
Rome. He speaks of having been at Corinth and 
Miletus (2 Tim. 4: 20). Prom the way he speaks 
of leaving his cloak and books at Troas (2 Tim. 4: 
13), it is believed that he was arrested here and 
hurried back to his second imprisonment and death. 

2. Circumstances. — Paul had left Timothy in 
charge of the church in Ephesus, and it was here 
that Paul sent to him these Epistles which con- 



S6 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



tained the instruction necessary in building up 
the church. 

II. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place. — The church at Ephesus was doubtless 
beset by the same heretical teachers as described 
in Colossians, being in the same community. Eph- 
esus had been the scene of Paul's fiercest conflict, 
and the difficulties surrounding Timothy were ap- 
palling. From the first Epistle of Timothy we 
discover that the errors to be met are Jewish in 
origin and gnostic in nature. Their promoters 
"desired to be teachers of the law" (1: 7); "they 
are of the circumcision." This teaching is gnostic 
in nature, as shown by "opposition to gnosis," 
which is so called (6: 20); and fables and ques- 
tionings rather than the stewardship of God which 
is in faith (1: 4). In opposition to this, Paul de- 
clares the "sound doctrine of the gospel of the 
glory of the blessed God" (1: 11), and he gives his 
own personal experience of its power. 

2. The Time and Circumstances. — The first Epis- 
tle of Timothy was written between the time of 
Paul's first and second imprisonment, possibly 
from Macedonia or Greece. It was written to give 
the qualifications and duties of officers and min- 
isters of the church. 

III. THE THEME OF 1 TIMOTHY: CHRIST'S 

MINISTERS AND THEIR MISSION 
IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Minister and Message. 



1 TIMOTHY 



87 



3. Minister and Ministration. 

4. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Declaration of apostleship; authority and 
hope. 

(2) Personal greeting; the fatherly love and 
heavenly blessing. 

2. Christ's Ministry and His Message. 

(1) The church and its message. 
a. The gospel. 

d. Personal illustration of its power. 

(2) The church and its intercession; mediation, 
supplication and co-operation. 

(3) The church and its officers; overseers, 
deacons, woman servants, Christ the head of the 
church, and ministries revealed in him. 

3. Christ's Minister and the Ministration. 

(1) How to administer the truth. 
a. Apostasy described. 

l>. Good doctrine and a godliness, 
c. The minister's rules of life; an example to 
others, daily routine and purpose of discipline. 

(2) The minister's duty to the church, to its 
men, women, widows, bishops and servants. 

(3) His duties towards false teachers. 

4. Conclusion. 

(1) Summary. 

(2) Benediction. 



88 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



VL TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The elders and deacons are servants of the 
church. 

2. The gospel is a gospel of glory. 

3. "Faithful is the saying, and worthy of all 
acceptation; that Jesus Christ came into the world 
to save sinners." 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 2: 1. 

2. 2: 5, 6. 

3. 2: 8. 

4. 4: 7, 8. 

5. 4: 16. 

6. 6: 11, 12. 

7. 6: 17. 

B. TITUS 

Little is known of this important man's life. He 
was the person of whose case Paul made a test for 
the freedom of the Gentiles without circumcision. 
He was the messenger by whom Paul sent the first 
and second Epistles to the Corinthians. He was 
left in Crete to complete the organization of the 
church and refute the doctrine of false teachers. 

I. THE WRITER AXD HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place. — It was while in Crete that Paul sent 
him the Epistle that bears his name (Tit. 1: 5). 
He instructs him as to the qualification of elders, 
his attitude towards heretical teachers, and the 



TITUS 



89 



points to be emphasized in his teaching of the 
church. 

2. Circumstances. — The corrupting doctrine of 
the Judaizers and the natural perversity of the 
Cretans were responsible for the disorder in the 
church, and called forth this letter. 

II. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The Place. — The origin in Crete is conjectural, 
probably resulting from the preaching of the con- 
verts on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2: 11). 

2. The Circumstances. — That the church had 
been established in Crete for some years before 
Paul wrote this Epistle was sustained by three 
things: 

(1) Titus is charged to appoint elders city by 
city, and that no city is to be left without an over- 
seer. This would indicate the general spread of 
the gospel throughout the island. 

(2) That men nurtured under Christian teach- 
ing possessed the necessary qualification for elders. 

(3) The fact that a formal propagation was car- 
ried on in the church. 

The sojourn of Titus in Crete was to be brief, 
since Paul urged him to come with all diligence 
to Nicopolis (Tit. 3: 12). 

III. THE THEME: THE CHURCH'S MINISTRY 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Church Government. 



90 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



3. Church Behavior. 

4. Church and Pagan World. 

5. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Personal greeting: Paul a servant of God 
and an apostle of Jesus Christ. 

(2) To Titus, his true child after a common 
faith. 

2. Church Government. 

(1) Elders. 

a. In every city. 
Z). Qualifications, 
c. Purpose. 

(2) Duties. 
a. Overseers. 
1). Stewards. 

. c. Teachers. 

(3) Character of elders. 

a. Blameless: in family life, in personality and 
in doctrine. 

1). That he might convict the gainsayers. 

(4) Reasons for instruction. 
a. Because of false teachers. 

6. Perversity of the treatments. 

c. The necessity of the true minister. 

d. The conditions of disobedience. 

3. Church Behavior. 

(1) Doctrine of conduct; healthful teaching for 
the aged men and women, young women and men 
and servants. 



TITUS 



01 



(2) Means of grace; revelation, instruction, 
hope of reward, example and inspiration of Christ. 

(3) Charge of the evangelist; to speak, exhort 
and reprove — his ministry is to be sustained by 
purity of life. 

4. The Church and Its Attitude to the Pagan 
World. 

(1) The Christian's attitude toward: (a) civil 
authority; (&) every good work; (c) toward all 
men. 

(2) Their regeneration from the former, life: 

a. By the kindness of God. 

b. Not of self. 

c. In mercy. 

d. By the washing of regeneration. 

e. The Holy Spirit. 

(3) Justification by grace. 

(4) Method of realization: by honest occupa- 
tion, the shunning of questionable doctrines and 
unprofitable service. 

5. Conclusion. 

(1) Personal request. 

(2) Providing for faithful ministers. 

(3) Summary 

(4) Salutation. 

(5) Benediction. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The evangelist should be an example of good 
works. Our message is caught as well as taught. 

2. In teaching he should show uncorruptness, 



92 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



gravity and sound doctrine that can not be con- 
demned. 

3. The evangelist should be gentle, showing all 
meekness towards all men. 

4. The supreme ministry of the church is spir- 
itual. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 



1. 


1 


7-9. 


2. 


2 


2. 


8, 


2 


3, 4. 


4. 


2 


6. 


5, 


2 


11-14. 



VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
9 DISCUSSION 

1. In what does this group of Epistles differ 
from other Pauline Epistles? 

2. How is this group divided and why? 

3. Give the argument for Paul's release from 
his first imprisonment. 

4. Give an account of the life of Timothy. 

5. How does he rank among Paul's fellow- 
servants? 

6. Where was Timothy, and what was his task 
when Paul wrote him? 

7. What called forth this Epistle? 

8. What two elements marked the false teach- 
ing which Timothy had to meet? 

9. Give the qualifications of an elder or a bishop. 

10. Give the qualifications of a deacon. 

11. Give the rules of conduct of an evangelist 
towards the members of the church. 



1 TIMOTHY AXD TITUS 



93 



12. Contrast the motives of false and true teach- 
ers. 

13. What are Paul's instructions concerning the 
rich? 

14. What do you know of Titus? 

15. Why did Paul circumcise Timothy and re- 
fuse to circumcise Titus? 

16. Where was Titus and what his work when 
Paul wrote him? 

17. Give the duties and functions of the elder- 
ship. 

18. Give Paul's charge to an evangelist. 

19. What is the church's obligation to provide 
for its ministers? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



1 TIMOTHY AND TITUS. 
1 TIMOTHY. TITUS. 

I. Writ, and Cibcum. I. Writ, and Circum. 

1. Pla. 1. Pla. 

2. Circum. 2. Circurn. 

II. Chub, and Circum. II. Chub, and Circum. 

1. Pla. h Pla. 

2. Ti. and Circum. 2. Circum. 

III. Theme: Chr. Min. and III. Theme: Chur/s Minis. 

Th. Miss. 1V C onc. Out. 

IV. Conc. Out. l Intro 

1. Intro. 2. Chur. Govern. 

2. Min. and Mess. 3. Cliur. Behav. 

3. Min. and. Minis. 4. Chur. and Pacr. Wor. 

4. Conclus. 5. Conclus. 

Truth Nugget. — Our message is caught as well as taught. 



DRILL QUESTIOXS 

Use Questions 297 to 300 in the back of the book. 









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98 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



LESSON XII. 

The Personal Epistles : Philemon and 
2 Timothy 

CHRIST AND PERSONAL FRIENDSHIPS 

Though the personality of Paul is manifested in 
all of his Epistles, yet there are none so intensely 
personal as this group. 

A. PHILEMON : CHRIST AND SOCIAL RELA- 
TIONS 

In this personal letter Paul does not declare 
his apostolic authority, hut speaks by the assurance 
of love, as a Christian to a Christian brother. The 
whole range of human life would not be covered 
by revelation if this Epistle were left out. 

I. THE WRITER AM) HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

- 1. The Place. — This Epistle was written by Paul 
the aged from his Roman prison in the year 6 2 
A. D. It is here treated out of its chronological 
order. It was written at the same time as the 
m Epistle to the .Colossians (Col. 4:9). 

2. Persons. — The persons mentioned in the Epis- 
tles are Philemon, a well-known and influential 
Christian (1: 2, 19); Apphia. probably the wife 
of Philemon: Archippus, the minister of the 
church, and Onesimus. a slave who had fled from 
his master and sought refuge in Rome. 

3. Circumstances. — Onesimus had evidently 



PHILEMON 



99 



wronged his master and fled to Rome, where, in 
his distress, he sought the aged apostle whom he 
knew. Paul in his bonds made Onesimus a free 
man, having become a Christian. They had been 
mutually helpful to each other, and since repent- 
ance demanded restitution, Paul sends him back to 
his master and writes this letter to prepare Phile- 
mon's heart for his reception as a "brother be- 
loved. " 

4. Emancipation Proclamation. — Slavery was at 
its height and at its worst estate. This short Epis- 
tle was the emancipation proclamation of Jesus 
Christ issued by his minister, "Paul the aged." 
Christianity has always been opposed to slavery, 
on its fundamental principle of common brother- 
hood. It links every soul to Christ, the master of 
all, and thus gives life a divine sacredness. Paul 
set himself to correct the life of the slave and to 
raise him to a place of self-respect, worthy of the 
confidence and love of his master, who should 
recognize him as a brother. If the life of the hum- 
blest man is precious enough to call forth the suf- 
fering and death of Christ, then it is above price 
and removed from the slave-market forever. The 
slaves of the world have been freed upon this prin- 
ciple. 

n. THE THEME: THE EMANCIPATION PROC- 
LAMATION 

III. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Approach. 



100 EPI^TLEZ AND REVELATION 



3. Statement. 

4. Request. 

5. Conclusion. 

IV. THE OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

( 1 ) Salutation. 

a. Of Paul and Timothy. 

b. To Philemon and the church. 

c. Benediction. 

(2) The approach to the request; thanksgiving. 

a. For the love of Philemon. 

b. For his faith. 

c. For his service and comfort of the saints. 

(3) Statement of the case. 

a. His right of demand. 

b. Onesimus is now Paul's child. 

c. According to providence of God. 

d. Paul insures restitution. 

c. Offers Philemon a great privilege. 

/. Onesimus no longer a slave, hut a brother. 

( 4 ) The request. 

a. Direct: "Receive him as myself." 

b. Assurance. 

c. Because of Philemon's obligation to Paul. 

d. Paul's confidence declared. 
( 5 ) Conclusion. 

a. Hospitality. 

b. Hope of release. 

c. Salutation. 

d. Benediction. 



102 EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



B. 2 TIMOTHY: VICTORY AND GLORIFI- 
CATION 

I. THE AYRITER AM) HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1, Place. — The second Epistle to Timothy was 
written by Paul during his second imprisonment 
at Rome, and sent to Timothy in Ephesus. 

2. Circumstances. — The troubles in the church 
were the same as those mentioned in the first Epis- 
tle, and the message was the same in spirit, but 
more intensified. The situation had become more 
critical. Paul was now conscious of his approach- 
ing death; he recognized the danger in the Ephe- 
sian church and foresaw the great apostasy. He 
saw two sources of danger for Timothy; one a 
physical collapse, the other that he might lack 
strength of soul for the terrific struggle. There 
are several things in this Epistle that confirm the 
theory of the second imprisonment. In the Epistle 
.of the first imprisonment Paul was confident of re- 
lease (Phil. 1: 19. 25; Philem. 1: 22). In this 
Epistle he knows that the time of his departure is 
at hand. Paul had just passed through a terrible 
persecution in Asia which swept him on to Rome. 
He appealed for help, but "all that are in Asia 
turned away" (1: 10). Some of the names men- 
tioned are persons in Asia and have only a local 
significance in connection with this persecution. 
He was probably arrested at Troas. and unkindly 
hurried away without his cloak and books (4; 13). 
and he also speaks of his ''first defense" (4: 16), 
which doubtless refers to his first trial and ac- 



2 TIMOTHY 



103 



quittal. This storm of persecution is sure to break 
upon Timothy if it is not already raging about 
him, since he is laboring under the same circum- 
stances. Hence Paul's anxiety, and this letter 
filled with heart-pulses and stained with tears. 
Yet in it all there is the spirit of victory and glori- 
fication. 

EL THE THEME : CHRIST IS SUFFICIENT FOR 
EVERY CRISIS 

in. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Duty of a Minister. 

3. Duty of ihe Church. 

4. Duty to the Scriptures. 

5. Conclusion. 

IV. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Apostleship declared. 

a. An apostle of Christ. 

b. By divine approval, through the will of God. 
according to promise in Christ Jesus. 

(2) Personal greeting. 

(3) Thanksgiving: for service, friendship and 
faith. 

2. Duty of a Minister. 

(1) Gifts to God. 

a. Charges to. 

b. Duty to the saved. 

(2) According to grace: the grace of hearing, 



104 EPISTLES AND REVEL A TIOX 



suffering, endurance, understanding, memory, sal- 
vation and of the new life. 

3. Duty of the Church. 

( 1 ) In the present crisis. 

( 2 ) In the coming apostasy. 

4. Duty to the Scriptures. 

(1) The preacher's duty toward. 

( 2 ) The preacher's work in connection with the 
Scriptures, preach the Word. 

(3) Inforced by Paul's experience, 
a. His service. 

&. His reward. 

(4) A crown for all who love. 

5. Conclusion. 

(1) His associates. 

(2) His enemies. 

(3) Salutation. 

(4) Pinal benediction: "The Lord be with thy 
spirit, grace be with thee." 

V. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Christ is sufficient for every crisis. 

2. If we die with him, we shall also live with 
him; if we endure, we shall reign with him. 

3. If we deny him, he will also deny us. 

4. The work of the minister is to preach the 
Word, reprove, rebuke, exhort with all longsuf- 
fering. 

VI. MEMORY VERSES 



1 . 2:2, 3 

2. 2: 24. 



2 TIMOTHY 



105 



3. 3: 12. 

4. 4: 6-8. 

VII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCISSION 

1. What is the central thought in Philemon? 

2. Give the time and place of writing. 

3. Who were the parties named and the position 
of each? 

4. What bearing has this Epistle on human 
slavery? 

5. What request does Paul make and on what 
grounds? 

6. What is to be Philemon"s attitude towards 
his former slave? 

7. Where and when was the second Epistle of 
Timothy written? 

8. What in this Epistle confirms the theory of 
the second imprisonment? 

9. Give Paul's charge to Timothy incident to 
God's gifts, 

10. Enumerate the graces in Christ. 

11. Give the charge to church and preacher in-, 
cident to the present crisis. 

12. How are men brought to repentance? 

13. Compare this Epistle with 1 Timothy and 
describe the coming apostasy. 

14. Give the outline of the minister's daily 
work. 

15. Give Paul's attitude towards his enemies 
and his judgment against them. 

16. Give his final benediction. 



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108 



PHILEMOX AND 2 TIMOTHY 



BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



PHILEMON AND 2 TIMOTHY. 



II. 
Ill 



Writ, and Circum. 

1. Pla. 

2. Per. 

3. Cir. 

4. Eman. Proc. 
The. : Eman. Proc. 

Cong. Out. 

1. Intro. 

2. Appro. 

3. State. 

4. Requ. 

5. Conelus. 



I. Writ, and Circum. 

1 Pla. 

2. Circum. 

II. The.: Chr. is Suff. 
for Ev. Cbi. 
III. Conc. Out. 

1. Intro. 

2. Dut. of Min. 

3. Dut. of Chur. 

4. Dut. to Scrip 

5. Conelus. 



Truth Nugget.— It takes a crisis to test genuineness. 
Christ is sufficient for every crisis. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 301 and 302 in the back of the 
book. 



HEBREWS 



109 



DIVISION II. HEBREWS 

LESSON XIII. HEBREWS 

The Perfect Revelation and Mediator 

This book is not so much an Epistle as a 
treatise on the perfect revelation of God to man, 
and the abiding priesthood of Jesus Christ. Its 
purpose is to show the superiority of the Christian 
economy over the Jewish and patriarchal dispen- 
sations, and the perfected worship of the church. 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 

The author is unknown; however, we know that 
he was not an apostle, because he says this great 
salvation, "having at the first been spoken through 
the Lord, was confirmed unto us by them that 
heard; God also bearing witness with them, both 
by signs and wonders, and by manifold powers" 
( Heb. 2: 3, 4). This statement could not have 
been made by one of the twelve or by Paul, be- 
cause they all possessed the confirmation of "signs, 
wonders and manifold powers," and Paul declares 
that he received not his gospel from man, but 
from the Lord (Gal. 1: 16, 17). 

1. Place. — The place of writing is unknown. 
The author was well known to the Christians ad- 
dressed, and was acquainted with companions of 



110 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



Paul and certain Christians in Italy, from which 
some have conjectured that it was written in 
Rome. (See Heb. 13: 23, 24.) 

2. Circumstances. — That which called forth the 
letter was the tendency in the church to emphasize 
the ritual of the law and to neglect the spirit and 
privilege of the gospel. 

II. THE CHURCH AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. To Whom? — Hebrews was written to Jewish 
Christians. 

2. The Time and Circumstances. — The indica- 
tions are that it was written some time after the 
"Law and Gospel" Epistles of Paul. 

The writer is limited by the law of worship and 
hence does not go back to Adam nor forward to 
the rejection of the Jews, yet he is more emphatic 
as to the perfection and permanence of the gospel. 
The meaning and philosophy of Christianity are 
made more intelligible. 

HI. THE THEME: PERFECT REVELATION 
AND MEDIATION 

The Herodian temple gives way to the spiritual 
temple, the church, in which God dwells; the 
Aaronic priesthood is succeeded by the eternal 
priesthood of Christ; animal sacrifice ceases be- 
cause of the perfect sacrifice. The majesty and 
permanence of the new and abiding order is se- 
cured by its Founder, who is greater than Moses, 
the prophets, the fathers and the angels. He 
created all things, upholds all things and is ap- 



HEBREWS 



111 



pointed heir of all things. He is the Saviour, the 
very effulgence and image of God. 

This position is not contradictory to Paul's, but 
supplementary. He develops truths that Paul 
omitted, but which are necessary for the fullest 
understanding of the plan and purpose of God as 
revealed in Christ and his church. 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Superiority of the Son as Priest-King. 

3. Potency of Faith in the Son. 

4. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) The ground of true religion. 

(2) In the two dispensations. 

( 3 ) The perfect revelation in the Son, who is 
the heir of promise, Creator, effulgence of God's 
glory, the image of his substance, Sustainer, 
Saviour, King. 

2. The Superiority of the Son as Priest-King* 

(1) Superior to angels, 
a. In relationship. 

6. In service. 

c. Superior position. 

d. In relation to man. 

e. In suffering for sin. 

/. In victory over Satan. 

(2) Superior to ancient worthies. 
a. To Moses. 



112 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



b. To Joshua. 

(3) Superior to the priesthood. 

a. Aaronic. 

b. Levitical. 

(4) Superior in relationship. 

a. A better covenant. 

b. Better worship. 

c. Better assurance. 

d. Better service. 

3. The Power of Faith in the Son. 

(1) Faith an assurance and proof. 

(2) Faith under the old dispensation. 

a. Triumphed by faith. 

b. Thy faith is perfected in the new. 

(3 .) The Author and Captain of our faith. 
(4) Enlarged duty and blessing. 

a. Perils. 

b. Superiority of the gospel over the law. 
C. Consequent exhortation. 

4. Conclusion. 

(1) Sundry exhortations. 

(2) A personal appeal. 

(3) Salutation. 

VI. TRUTH XUGGETS 

1. The only ground of a true religion is a revela- 
tion from God. Real religion requires a revela- 
tion. 

2. In the old covenant this revelation was frag- 
mentary and lacked unity; in the new, God unified 
his message, in that he has spoken unto us through 
his Son. 



HEBREWS 



113 



3. Christ is so great, so universal, so human, so 
divine that he contains in himself all the truth, 
love, wisdom, knowledge and glory of God. 

4. The Son revealed the Father, not in words 
only, but in his own divine personality. 

5. Christ is superior to angels, Moses, Joshua 
and the priesthood. 

6. Christ established a better covenant and a 
better worship. 

7. Christ is a great high priest, who can be 
touched with a feeling of all our infirmities. 

8. His priesthood is an everlasting priesthood. 

ATI. MEMORY VERSES 

Heb. 1: 1-3. 
2: 2-4. 
4: 4-6. 
8: 7. 
9: 27. 
10: 31. 
11: 1. 
11: 39, 40. 
12: 1, 2. 

Vm. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. What is the theme of the Epistle to the He- 
brews? 

2. What is the author's purpose? 

3. Discuss the authorship of Hebrews. 

4. What is the ground of "true religion"? 




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116 EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



5. State the difference between the revelation of 
God in the old and in the new dispensations. 

6. How is God's supreme and perfect revelation 
made to man? 

7. To what three classes does the author de- 
clare Christ to be superior? 

8. Give the seven points in which Christ is su- 
perior to the angels. 

9. How is Christ superior to Moses? 

10. How is Christ superior to Joshua? 

11. How does his priesthood excel the Jewish? 

12. Compare the two covenants. 

13. What is faith and what does it do? 

14. How were the ancient worthies made per- 
fect by faith? 

15. What perils beset Christians? 

16. How is faith expressed in the new dispen- 
sation? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 

,_ _____ — 

HEBREWS. 

I. The Writ, and His III. Theme: Per. Reve. 
Circum. axd Media. 

1 ^ la - IV. Coxc. Out. 

2. Circum. , T i 

1. Intro. 

II. The Chub, axd Its 2. Super, of the Son as 
Circum. Pri.-Ki. 

I To Whom 7 3. ^ ot - of Fai. ^ n the Son. 

2. Ti. and Circum. 4 - Conclus. 

Truth Nugget. — Real religion requires a revelation. 
, Z * 

DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 303 to 310 in the back of the book. 



JAMES 



117 



DIVISION III. THE GEN- 
ERAL EPISTLES 

LESSON XIV. James. 

LESSON XV. 1 and 2 Peter. 

LESSON XVI. 1, 2 and 3 John. 

LESSON XVII. Jude. 

1. Why So Called. — This division consists of the 
Epistles of James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1, 2 and 3 John 
and Jude. They are called the general, or catholic, 
Epistles, because they are not addressed to any 
particular church or individual, but to the church 
universal. The term "catholic" does not refer to 
the general character of their teaching, nor to the 
orthodoxy of doctrine, as is sometimes claimed. 

2. What They Emphasize. 

(1) James emphasizes the mastery of Jesus 
Christ and the practical side of Christianity. 

(2) Peter's theme is obedience and the prom- 
ises of God connected therewith. 

(3) John presents the Christ as the manifesta- 
tion of God's love and the fellowship of Christians 
with him. 

(4) Jude's Epistle is the complement of Peter's 
message, and declares that there is no place for the 
rebellious spirit either in heaven, among the Gen- 
tiles, in Israel or in the church of Christ. 



US EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



LESSON XIV. THE EPISTLE OF 
JAMES 

Christ the Master and His Bond- 
servant 

I. THE WRITER AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 
1. The Author: James the Lord's Brother. 

(1) The author designates himself as "James 
the bondservant of God and of the Lord Jesus 
Christ" (Jas. 1: 1). There were three persons 
by this name connected with the New Testament: 
James the son of Zebedee and brother of John; 
James the son of Alphaeus, known as James the 
Less (Matt. 10:2, 3; 15:10; Mark 3:17, 18); 
and James the Lord's brother, who was not one of 
the twelve (Matt. 13: 55; Mark 6:3; John 7:5; 
Gal. 1: 19). 

(2) It was James the Lord's brother who was 
found among the disciples after the resurrection 
(Acts 1: 14; 1 Cor. 15: 7; Gal. 1: 19). 

(3) It is this James who became a pillar in the 
Jerusalem church and wrote the Epistle. 

(4) It was to him that Peter sent the news of 
his release from prison (Acts 12: 17). 

(5) Ke presided over the council at Jerusalem 
(Acts 15: 13-21). 

(6) He received the report of Paul's missionary 
labors (Acts 21: 18). 

(7) He was well known to the early church, but 
particularly to the Jewish Christians, of which ele- 
ment he was a leader. 

(8) Josephus tells us that James was stoned to 



JAMES 



119 



death in 62 A. D. for departing from the law of 
Moses. 

2. Circumstances. — The Epistle was evidently 
written while James was prominent in the Jerusa- 
lem church, and, being so well known, he needed 
no introduction to his readers. Among many 
scholars this Epistle is placed among the earliest 
New Testament books. 

H. THE EPISTLE AND CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Place. — The Epistle was probably written 
from Jerusalem. 

2. Circumstances. — The Epistle was addressed to 
the Jewish Christians dwelling outside of Palestine 
(Jas. 1: 11). He speaks to them as "brethren" 
and "beloved brethren." He takes Christ's own 
viewpoint in regard to the gospel and life (Jas. 
1: 22; comp. Matt. 8: 21, 26). He speaks of those 
addressed as "believers in Christ" (2: 1), who 
were begotten by the word of truth. Throughout 
the entire Epistle he attacks the heresy of life, 
not doctrine; while Paul attacks those errors of 
doctrine that result in a false and evil life. 

The conditions that called forth the letter were 
the many trials and temptations of the Jewish 
Christians (Jas. 1: 2, 12); they were oppressed 
b} the rich (1: 9-11); the works of some belied 
their faith (1: 19-27; 2: 14-26; 3: 13). Their 
sins were of the tongue, of division and strife, of 
pleasure, of pride and oppression (3: 12-18; 4: 1- 
10, 13-17; 5:4). What these Christians needed 
was to be doers of the Word, not hearers only. It 



120 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



is faith in the Master that makes a faithful serv- 
ant, and that faithfulness is manifested in service. 

III. THE THEME: FAITH AND FAITHFULNESS 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Faithfulness in Temptation. 

3. Faithfulness in Service. 

4. Faithfulness in Tongue. 

5. Faithfulness in Life. 

6. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Supreme relationship; the mastery of Jesus 
Christ. 

(2) Greetings, wishing joy. 

2. Faithfulness in Temptation. 

(1) Kinds of temptation. 

a. Temptation of circumstance. 
6. Temptations of lust. 

(2) The source of victory. 

a. Every good is from the Father of light. 
h. To his children begotten through the Word 
of truth. 

(3) Results and responsibilities. 

3. Faithfulness in Service. 

( 1 ) Religious service. 

(2) Religious failure. 

( 3 ) Correction. 

(4) Basic truth; faith apart from works is dead. 

4. Faithfulness in Control of the Tongue. 



JAMES 



121 



(1) Warning to teachers. 

(2) The unruly member. 

( 3 ) Wise servants. 

5. Faithfulness in Life. 

(1) Failures because of fightings, lust, want and 
enmity with God. 

(2) Victory through grace. 

(3) The Lord and Master, who is both Lawgiver 
and Judge and the Lord of life. 

6. Conclusion. 

(1) Warning to oppressors. 

(2) Exhortation to the oppressed. 

(3) Prayer, praise and confession. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Christ is the Master of all, having bought us 
with his own blood. 

2. A master buys a bondservant that he may 
have the bondservant's service. 

3. Temptations are of two kinds, those of cir- 
cumstance or trials and those of lust. 

4. Christians are begotten by the Word of truth. 

5. We are not saved by faith only. 

6. "Faith, apart from works, is dead." 

7. "If you submit yourselves to God and resist 
the devil, he will flee from you." 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. Jas. 1: 2-4. 

2. 1: 12-15. 

3. 1: 17, 18. 

4. 2: 14, 17. 



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124 EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AXD 
DISCUSSION 

1. What are the General Epistles and why so 
called? 

2. Give the thesis of each of the General Epis- 
tles. 

3. Show the doctrinal relation between James 
and Paul. 

4. What James wrote this Epistle? 

5. Tell of his life and service. 

6. To whom is it written? 

7. What were the conditions that called forth 
this Epistle? 

8. Give the main divisions. 

9. Discuss the nature and place of trials and 
temptations. 

10. Give the elements of pure religion. 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



JAMES. 

Chkist the Master and His Bondservant. 
I. The Writ, and His Circum. 
1. Auth. Jam. the Lo.'s Bro. 2. Circum. 

II. Epis. and Circum. 
1. Pla. 2. Circum. 

III. Theme: Fai. and Faithful. 
IV. Conc. Out. 

1. Intro. 3. Fai. in Serv. 5. Fai. in Li. 

2. Fai. in Tempt. 4. Fai. in Tong. 6. Conclus. 
Truth Nugget. — We are known by the company 

we keep. The devil doesn't chum with God's people. | 
, 4. 

DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 311 to 317 in the back of the book. 



1 AXD 2 PETER 



125 



LESSON XV. 1 AND 2 PETER 
Obedience to Christ the Lord 

I. THE WRITER AXD HIS CIRCUMSTANCES 
1. The Author: Peter an Apostle of Jesus Christ. 

(1) He writes as an eye-witness, and makes 
everything hinge upon the cross and Christ's cor- 
onation (1: 18, 19; 2: 24; 3: 18; cp. Acts 2: 29- 
40). The duties enjoined are based upon his suf- 
fering (2: 21; 3: 18; 4: 13), his resurrection (1: 
3), and his exaltation (3: 22; 4: 11). Christ, to 
Peter, is the living stone, and Christians of like 
nature are built into a spiritual house for a holy 
priesthood (2: 4-8). He proclaims forgiveness 
upon the grounds of humility and obedience. 

(2) Peter was one of the twelve, son of Jonas, 
of the city of Bethsaida (John 1: 44). 

(3) Jesus changed his name from Simon to 
Peter (Matt. 16: 15-18; cp. 1 Pet. 2: 5). 

(4) He opened the doors of the church both to 
Jews and Gentiles (see Acts 2: 10). 

(5) He was accompanied by his wife on his 
apostolic labors (1 Cor. 8:5), which is the only 
reference to his work after the council at Jeru- 
salem (Acts 15: 7-11). 

(6) He was evidently crucified, as Jesus pre- 
dicted (John 21: 18, 19). According to tradition, 
he was crucified with his head downward, not 
counting himself worthy to suffer as his Lord. 

(7) He is mentioned first in the list of the 
twelve apostles. 



126 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



2. Circumstances. — His Epistles were written to 
Christians in the provinces where Paul started 
the churches, which would indicate that they were 
written after Paul's removal from these scenes of 
his activity. 

II. THE EPISTLES AND THEIR CIRCUM- 
STANCES 

1. The Epistles. — 1 Peter is one of the best au- 
thenticated books of the New Testament. It has 
been attested by the unanimous voice of the early 
church Fathers. It was written from Babylon, 
where there were more Jews than in Jerusalem. 
Peter's ministry wag primarily to the circumcision 
(1 Pet. 5: 13). The Second Epistle was written to 
the same persons (2 Pet. 3:1). 

2. Circumstances. — These Epistles were written 
to the sojourners of the Dispersion, which most 
probably refers to the dispersion of Christians 
rather than Jews (see Acts 3:4). It would be a 
mistake to restrict the Epistle to Jewish Chris- 
tians, as in James, because he speaks of those who 
are not Jews (2 Pet. 1: 14), to those who in times 
past had no share with God's people (1 Pet. 2: 
10), and to those who wrought the will of the 
Gentiles (1 Pet. 2: 13). They were strangers and 
sojourners, since their true home could never be 
made among the heathens around them. They 
were falsely accused and misunderstood by those 
about them, and endured persecution for the 
Lord's sake. 



1 AND 2 PETER 



127 



III. THE THEMES 

1 Peter: The Obedience of Faith. 

2 Peter: The Obedience of Knowledge. 

Peter presents a Christ worthy of their obedi- 
ence and trust. He is gracious, a living stone, the 
elect, precious (1 Pet. 2: 3-6). Believers are ac- 
ceptable to God through Christ (1 Pet. 2:5). He 
that believeth on him shall not be ashamed. He is 
a stone of stumbling to those who disbelieve (1 
Pet. 2:8). He suffered for us and is our example 
(1 Pet. 2: 21, 22). He was sinless in act and 
word (1 Pet. 2: 23). He committed himself and 
his cause to God. He bore our sins, and by his 
wounds we are healed (1 Pet. 2: 24). He is the 
shepherd and bishop of our souls (1 Pet. 2: 25). 
He was raised from the dead (1 Pet. 2: 21). We 
are to be glorified in him, whose is the glory and 
dominion forever (1 Pet. 4: 11). 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINES 

A. 1 Peter 

1. Introduction. 

2. The Way. 

3. The Test. 

4. The Hope. 

5. Conclusion. 

B. 2 Peter 

1. Introduction. 

2. Knowledge a Means of Safety. 

3. Knowledge So-called. 



12S EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



4. Knowledge of Second Coming. 

5. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINES SUBDIVIDED 
A. 1 Peter 

1. Introduction. 

(1) The author. 

(2) To the dispersion. 

(3) Benediction. 

2. The Way: Salvation Through Faith. 

(1) The heavenly Father and his children. 

(2) Their inheritance. 

(3) The value of salvation. 

(4) The plan given by the Holy Spirit. 

(5) Salvation from sin through faith. 

3. The Test : the Spirit of Obedience. 

(1) The spiritual temple and its service. 

(2) The practice of holiness in personal, nation- 
al and home duties. 

4. The Hope: Obedience to God. 

(1) A blameless life. 

(2) The principles of endurance. 

(3) Inspiration by example. 

(4) Confirmed in a changed life. 

5. Conclusion. 
(1) Exhortation. 
a. To elders. 

6. To the young, 
c. To all. 

cl. Doxology. 
e. Salutations. 



1 AND 2 PETER 



129 



B. 2 Peter 

1. Introduction. 

(1) The writer. 

(2) Those addressed. 

(3) His desire for them. 

2. Knowledge as a» Means of Safety. 

(1) True knowledge defined; pertaining to life 
and godliness. 

(2) Knowledge of Christ established. 

3. Knowledge So-called. 

(1) False teachers and their doctrine and con- 
duct. 

(2) Christ's promised presence. 

4. Knowledge of His Coming. 

(1) The long delay explained. 

(2) "The day of the Lord." 

(3) The new heaven and the new earth. 

(4) Knowledge and steadfastness. 

5. Conclusion. 

(1) Growth. 

(2) Benediction. 

VI. TRUTH XUGGETS 

1. Christ is worthy of obedience and trust. 

2. Obedience is primarily a matter of faith, but, 
with experience, becomes a matter of knowledge. 

3. Encouragement to this life of obedience is in 
that "His divine power has given unto us all 
things that pertain to life and godliness." 

4. Faith, repentance and obedience, the condi- 
tions of entering the Christian life, are the condi- 
tions of its continuance and consummation. 



130 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



5. Faith and obedience are the conditions of ac- 
ceptance with God in every dispensation. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1 Pet. 1:3, 4. 

2. 1: 13. 

3. 1: 22, 23. 

4. 2: 1-3. 

5. 3: 15. 

6. 4: 16. 

7. 4: 18, 19. 

8. 5: 6, 7. 

9. 2 Pet. 1: 2-4. 

10. 1: 5-8. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. What is the theme of 1 Peter? 

2. What is the theme of 2 Peter? 

3. What is the ground of acceptance with God in 
every dispensation? 

4. Give a sketch of Peter's life. 

5. To whom is the First Epistle addressed? 

6. To whom the Second, and how do you know? 

7. How are children begotten and born into the 
kingdom? 

8. Describe the inheritance of saints. 

9. Describe the spiritual temple and how built. 

10. Give the principles of endurance under per- 
secution. 

11. What changes are wrought by faith? 

12. How does baptism save? 



1 AND 2 PETER 



131 



13. What kinds of doctrines are we warned to 
shun? 

14. Give Peter's definition of true knowledge 
in the Second Epistle. 

15. Discuss the judgment and eternal life. 

16. Give the assurance of Christ's presence. 

17. What does Peter teach concerning God? 

18. What does Peter teach concerning the Son 
of God? 

19. How does he describe the end of the world? 



BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



1 AND 2 PETER. 
I. The Writ, and His Circum. 
1. Auth. Pet. an Apos. of Jes. dir. 2. Circum. 

II. Epis. and The. Circum, 
1. Epis. 2. Circum. 



1 Pet. 
The Obed. of Fai. 



IV. 



1 Pet, 

1. Intro. 

2. Wa. 

3. Tes. 

4. Hop. 

5. Conchis. 



III. Theme: 

2 Pet. 
The Obed. of Know. 

Conc. Outline. 

2 Pet. 

1. Intro. 

2. Know, a Me. of Saf. 

3. Know. So-call. 

4. Know, of Sec. Com. 

5. Conchis. 



Truth Nugget. — True faith leads to faithfulness. 



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1 




1 JOHN 



135 



LESSON XVI. 1, 2 and 3 JOHN 

Christ and Fellowship 

The fundamental theme of these Epistles is 
fellowship with God, with the truth, and of the 
saints through Christ and in his kingdom. They 
strongly resemble the fourth Gospel. In the First 
Epistle the fellowship discussed is fellowship 
in the light, love and life of God as manifested by 
faith in Jesus Christ. In the Second Epistle is 
fellowship in the truth of God, as revealed in 
Christ, while in the Third Epistle is the fellow- 
ship of the saints in Christ. 

A. FIRST EPISTLE OF JOHN 

I. THE WRITER: JOHN THE APOSTLE 
Although no name is attached to the Epistle, the 
writer is doubtless the apostle John, the same as 
the author of the fourth Gospel. It is supposed 
that John left Jerusalem about the year 67 A. D., 
when large numbers of Christians left the city in 
anticipation of the siege, and according to the 
warning of the Master. He was later an exile on 
the isle of Patmos, and it was uniformly believed 
in the early church that John ended his life in Eph- 
esus, near the close of the first century. 

1. Place. — This Epistle was likely written from 
Ephesus near the end of his ministry. 

John was the son of Zebedee and Salome (Matt. 
27: 56; Mark 15: 40), and a brother of James the 



136 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



martyr (Mark 3: 17; Acts 12: 1, 2). They were 
people of means and influence (Luke 8:3). They 
had hired servants (Mark 1: 20); "John possessed 
his own house" (John 19: 27). He was well 
known of the high priest (John 18: 15). He was 
known as "that disciple whom Jesus loved." He 
enjoyed special privileges in the ministry of Jesus, 
and, together with Peter, was the principal char- 
acter in the early Jerusalem church (Acts 3:1; 
8: 25). 

2. Circumstances. — Little is known of the cir- 
cumstances which called forth its writing. Its pur- 
pose will be discussed later. 

II. THE EPISTLE AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. The Time. — This is probably the last of the 
catholic Epistles, the last apostolic message to the 
whole church. If the Second and Third Epistles 
were written later, they were addressed to indi- 
viduals and not to congregations. This Epistle is 
catholic in the truest sense; it is addressed to no 
particular church or churches, and it deals with 
the general and vital questions of the church's life. 
It was written late in the first Christian century. 

2. Circumstances. — False teachers, described and 
denounced by Peter and Paul, were still active in 
the church, and their doctrine was opposed to the 
true doctrine of Christ. These questions turned 
upon the nature of Christ: "Was he a mere man?" 
"Was the suffering Jesus separate from the sinless 
Christ?" "Was his human life a mere phantom?" 
(1 John 2: 18; 4: 3; 5: 21; cp. 2: 19-23.) John 



1 JOHN 



137 



sums up his purpose in these words: "These things 
have I written unto you that believe on the name 
of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have 
eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name 
of the Son of God" (5: 13). 

III. THE THEME: FELLOWSHIP WITH GOD 
THROUGH CHRIST 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. God is Light. 

3. God is Love. 

4. God is Life. 

5. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction: the Word of Life. 

(1) A synopsis of the fourth Gospel. 

(2) Purpose of the Epistle. 

2. God is Light 

(1) What it involves. 

a. Fellowship with God and the brethren. 
Knowledge of sin and forgiveness. 

c. Propitiation and assurance. 

d. Love of the brethren and walking in the 
light. 

(2) What it excludes. 

a. Power of sin. 

b. Love of the world. 

c. Antichrists. 

d. Fear and shame. 

3. God is Love. 



138 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(1) Love and holiness. 

a. The children of God and the devil contrasted. 

b. Love and obedience. 

c. Obedience and mutual fellowship. 

(2) Principles applied, 
a. Rule of faith. 

&. Rule of love. 

c. Love begets love. 

(3) Practical application. 

4. God is Life. 

(1) Faith and life. 

a. Begotten of God by faith and obedience. 
&. Overcoming lives by faith in Christ. 

(2) Witnesses of this life. 
a. Jesus Christ. 

&. Holy Spirit. 

c. God the Father by the Spirit of life, the water 
or flood of life, and the flood of love. 

d. Eternal life in his Son. 

5. Conclusion: the Epilogue. 

(1) "That ye may know." 

a. That ye have eternal life. 

The power of prayer, 
c. The nature of sin. 

(2) "We do know." 
a. The power of God. 

t. Sinfulness of the world. 

c. That the Son of God is come. 

d. We know him. 

(3) In Christ Jesus. 
a. We are in him. 

This is the true God and eternal life. 



2 JOHN 



139 



VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The Christian has fellowship in the light, 
love and life of God. 

2. Since the First Epistle is concerning fellow- 
ship with God, he must be known by revelation, 
which is of the light. 

3. The God revealed in this light is love. 

4. The result of light and love is life. 

5. The antichrist is he who denies that Christ 
has come in the flesh. 

6. The witnesses of life are Christ, the Holy- 
Spirit, God by the spirit of life, the flood of light 
and the flood of love. 

7. God is light, love and life. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1: 5. 

2. 2: 1, 2. 

3. 2: 9, 10. 

4. 2: 17. 

5. 3: 1, 2. 

6. 5: 1. 

7. 5: 10-12. 

B. 2 JOHN: FELLOWSHIP WITH THE TRUTH 

I. THE WRITER AND CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Author: The Same as in the First Epistle. — 
The internal evidence is strangely in favor of the 
same authorship as the First Epistle, and hence 
of the Third also. Compare: 

(1) 2 John 1 and 3 John 1 with 1 John 3: 8. 



140 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(2) 2 John 4 and 3 John 3 with 1 John 4: 21. 

(3) 2 John 5 and 1 John 2: 7 with John 13: 34. 

(4) 2 John 7 with 1 John 4: 1-3, 

(5) 2 John 9 with 1 John 2: 23. 

(6) 3 John 11 with 1 John 2: 29; 3: 6. 

(7) 3 John 12 with John 15: 11. 

2. Circumstances. — This Epistle was addressed 
to the "elect lady." It is uncertain whether a 
person or a church is addressed. It was evidently 
written after the longer Epistle bearing his name. 

II. THE EPISTLE 

1. Place. — It was probably written from Eph- 
esus. 

2. Time. — Late in the first Christian century. 

3. Circumstances. — "The elect lady," prompted 
by sympathy and hospitality, had been giving en- 
couragement and entertainment to teachers of er- 
ror, who denied the truth of the incarnation. John 
writes this Epistle to declare that such hospitality 
is contrary to the truth, and would jeopardize her 
fellowship in the truth. 

III. THE THEME: FELLOWSHIP IN THE 
TRUTH IN CHRIST 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Truth and Love. 

3. Love and Light. 

4. Light and Life. 

5. Conclusion. 



2 JOHN 



141 



V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction: Address and Greeting. 

(1) Those addressed. 

(2) Truth the basis of all love. 

(3) Salutation: Grace, mercy and peace in 
truth and love. 

2. Truth and Love. 

(1) Walking in the truth. 

(2) The commandment: that we love one an- 
other. 

3. Love and Light. 

(1) Love manifested. 

(2) Walking in love as in the light. 

4. Light and Life. 

(1) Antichrists. 

(2) Watchfulness and its reward. 

(3) Light and fellowship with both Father and 
Son. 

(4) Warning against false hospitality. 

5. Conclusion. 

(1) Limitation. 

(2) Hope. 

(3) Salutation. 

VI. TRUTH XUGGETS 

1. Love can not abide in error. 

2. Love abides in light, not darkness. 

3. Light is essential to life. 

4. To give fellowship to false teachers is to par- 
take of their evil works. 



142 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1: 3. 

2. 1: 6. 

3. 1: 9. 

C. 3 JOHN: FELLOWSHIP OF THE SAINTS 
IN CHRIST 

I. THE WRITER AND CIRCUMSTANCES 

The authorship is discussed in the introduction 
to the Second Epistle. 

II. THE EPISTLE 

1. Place. — Probably written from Ephesus. 

2. Time. — About the time of the Second Epistle. 

3. Circumstances.— It was addressed to Gaius. 
There are at least three persons by this name 
mentioned in the New Testament: Gaius of Mace- 
donia (Acts 19: 29), Gaius of Derbe (Acts 20: 4, 
5), and Gaius of Corinth (Rom. 16: 23; 1 Cor. 
1: 14). It is likely that this is the Gaius of 
Corinth, since Paul speaks of his hospitality, for 
which he is commended in this Epistle (see vs. 
5-7). This man was a believer (v. 2); he was an 
exemplary Christian (vs. 3, 4); he was a man of 
prominence (v. 9), and especially beloved by the 
writer (vs. 1, 14). 

4. The Purpose.— The purpose of the Epistle is 
to guard the fellowship of the saints in God, and to 
utter a warning against a division in the church, 
which is always due to a lack of love. In view 
of the divisions in the Corinthian church, this 
would also aid in identifying the recipient as Gaius 

af Corinth. 



3 JOHN 



143 



III. THE THEME: FELLOWSHIP OF THE 
SAINTS THROUGH CHRIST 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Love Practiced. 

3. Love Betrayed. 

4. Light and Truth Commended. 

5. Conclusion. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) The address: Gaius the beloved in truth. 

(2) Prayer. 

(3) Gaius commended in truth. 

2. Love Practiced. 

(1) Fellowship of love. 

(2) Liberality enjoined. 

(3) Reason assigned. 

3. Love Betrayed. 

(1) False ambition. 

(2) Warning. 

(3) Fellowship denied. 

4. Light and Truth Commended. 

(1) Exhortation: Imitate that which is good. 

(2) The test of a Christian. 

(3) A witness of the truth. 

5. Conclusion. 

(1) Many things to write. 

(2) The apostle's hope. 

(3) Benediction. 

(4) Salutation. 



144 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Men like Diotrephes hinder the growth of the 
church and oppose the truth. 

2. Light and truth are manifested in good 
works. 

3. By aiding the messengers who walk worthily 
of God, we become fellow-workers for the truth. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1: 2. 

2. 1: 8. 

3. 1: 11. 

Vin. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. What is the general theme of these Epistles? 

2. What is the theme of 1 John? 

3. What is the theme of 2 John? 

4. What is the theme of 3 John? 

5. In discussing fellowship with God, why men- 
tion light first? 

6. In discussing fellowship in the truth, why 
mention love first? 

7. How are light and truth manifested? 

8. Compare 1 John 1: 1, 2 with John 1: 1-14. 

9. What is the difference in purpose in writing 
the First Epistle of John and the fourth Gospel? 

10. Give a brief outline of the life of John. 

11. Give the main divisions of 1 John. 

12. Give the main divisions of 2 John. 

13. Give the main divisions of 3 John. 

14. To whom was the First Epistle addressed? 
The Third? 



3 JOHX 



143 



15. What should be the attitude of Christians to 
teachers of error? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



1, 2 AND 3 JOHN. 

1 John. 

. L The Writ. Jo. the Apos. 
1. Pla. 2. Circum. 

II. The Epis. and Its Circum. 
1. Ti. 2. Circum. 

III. Theme : Fell. Wi. God Thr. Chr. 
IV. Conc Out. 

1. Intro. 3. God is Lot. 5. Conclus. 

2. God is Lag. 4. God is Lif. 

2 John. 

I. The Writ, and Circum. 
1. Auth. Sa. in Fir. Epis. 2. Circum. 

II. The Epis. 
1. Pla. 2. Ti. 3. Circum. 

DI. Theme: Fell, in the Tru. in Chr. 
IV. Conc. Out. 

1. Intro. 3. Lo. and Lig. 5. Conclus. 

2. Tru. and Lo. 4. Lig. and Lif. 

3 John. 

I. The Writ, and Circum. 
II. The Epis. 

1. Pla. 2. Ti. 3. Circum. 4. Pur. 

III. Theme: Fell, of the Sai. in Chr. 
IV. Conc. Out. 
1 Intro. 3. Lov. Betra. 5. Conclus. 

2. Lov. Prac. 4. Lig. and Tru. Commen. 
Truth Nugget. — Every Christian is a stepping- 
stone or a stumbling-block. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

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JUDE 



149 



LESSON XVII. JUDE 
Loyalty to Christ and God 

I. THE WRITER 

1. Author.— J u de, the brother of James. 

2. Circumstances. — Practically nothing is known 
of his life and service for the church. He was not 
an apostle, as we might infer from verse 17. 
James, the Lord's brother, had become a pillar in 
the Jerusalem church, and, if he is the James he 
refers to, then he also is a brother of the Lord, 
which seems to be the fact (1:1). He was not 
an early disciple. 

II. THE EPISTLE AND ITS CIRCUMSTANCES 

1. Time and Place. — It was probably written 
after the Second Epistle of Peter, for that which 
Peter predicted had already come to pass (Jude 
4; cp. 2 Pet. 2: 1-3 and Jude 17, 18 with 2 
Pet. 3: 1-4). The false teaching mentioned by 
Peter had already borne its evil fruit (2 Pet. 
2: 1-3; Jude 4, 8, 10, 13, 16). Jude elaborates 
some of Peter's passages (2 Pet. 2: 4 and Jude 
6; 2 Pet. 2: 6 and Jude 7; 2 Pet. 2: 11 and Jude 
9; 2 Pet. 2: 17 and Jude 12). 

It was written to Christians who were deceived 
by the teaching of error mentioned by both Paul 
and Peter, but who had seemingly become bolder 
in their opposition to the truth. 

2. Circumstances.— That it was written to Jew- 



150 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



ish Christians is evident by the fact of his appeal 
to Old Testament facts and other Jewish writings, 
without explanation. He refers to the fall of 
angels (v. 6), the contention of Michael and the 
devil (v. 9) and the prophecy of Enoch. 

As has been intimated, Jude attacks the heresy 
of life which results from the heresy of doctrine. 
He was giving all diligence to write unto them of 
"our common salvation," but their necessity con- 
strained him to write exhorting them to contend 
earnestly for the faith which was once for all de- 
livered unto the saints. 

III. THE THEME: LOYALTY TO CHRIST AND 

GOD 

The fundamental thesis of Jude's Epistle is that 
there is no quarter shown to the spirit rebellious 
against the authority of God, either in heaven, 
amen the Gentile? in Israel or in the church. 

IV. COXCISE OLTLIXE 

1. Introduction. 

2. Heresy of Life. 

3. Loyalty to Christ, 

4. Conclusion. 

V. OLTLTXE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) Salutation. 

(2) Benediction. 

(3) The occasion. 

2. Heresy of Life. 



JUDE 



151 



(1) The spirit of rebellion. 

a. Its nature: ungodly, takes liberty for license 
and denies our only Master. 

b. Condemnation of: in Israel, in heaven, among 
the Gentiles, in the church. 

These rebellious spirits in the church were 
guilty of the rebellion of all enumerated, and more 
blatant than the devil. There can be only one end 
for such spirits, and that is woe. 

(2) Condemnation. 

a. Figuratively described. 

b. Judgment according to prophecy. 

c. Summary of their evils. 

(3) Loyalty to Christ. 

a. Apostolic warning. 

b. Duty of the faithful: Keep yourselves in the 
love of God, building yourselves up, praying in 
the Holy Spirit and watching unto eternal life. 

c. Duty toward the deceived: Have mercy, save; 
have mercy with fear and love them, but hate their 
evil. 

4. Conclusion. 

(1) Commitment. 

a. Unto Him who is able to guard, to save, to 
cleanse, to give joy. 

b. "To the only God our Saviour, through Jesus 
Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion and 
power." 

(2) Christ's eternal authority. 

a. Before all time — over the angels. 

b. Now — over Israel and the Gentiles. 

c. Unto all ages — in the church. 



152 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. The elect of God the Father are kept for 
Jesus Christ. 

2. Heresy of life is rebellion against God and 
Christ. 

3. Liberty is not license. 

4. There is no quarter shown the rebellious 
spirit in Israel, in heaven, among the Gentiles or 
in the church. 

5. Only the penitent can be saved. 

6. The only way to keep one's self in the love of 
God is to feed upon his Word, pray in the Holy 
Spirit and watch unto eternal life. 

7. The attitude of the faithful to the erring is 
to hate their evil, have mercy with fear and to 
save. 

8. Our Christ is able to guard, to save, to 
cleanse, to give joy. 

9. Those who cause division in the church are 
dominated by a selfish purpose. 

10. There is nothing but woe awaits the evil- 
doer. 

Vn. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1: 2, 3. 

2. 1: 12, 13. 

3. 1: 17, 18. 

4. 1: 24, 25. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AXD 
DISCUSSION 

1. What is the theme of Jude? 

2. What is the relation of the gospel to the law? 



JUDE 153 

3. Who was Jude? 

4. What called forth the Epistle? 

5. Compare parallel passages in Jude and 2 
Peter. 

6. What evidence that the book was written to 
Jewish Christians? 

7. Upon what theme had he purposed to write? 

8. Prom the Book of Jude give twenty mani- 
festations of sin and twelve results. 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



JUDE. 
I. The Writ. 
1. Auth. Jud., Bro. of Ja. 2. Circum. 

H. The Epis. and Its Circum. 
1. Ti. and Pla. * 2. Circum. 

III. Theme: Lot. to Chr. and God. 

IV. Conc. Out. 

1. Intro. 3. Loy. to Chr. 

2. Her. of Li. 4. Conclus. 
Truth Nugget. — It is right for us to have rights, 

but it is not always right to insist on having our 
rights. 

DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 330 to 336 in the back of the book. 



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REVELATION 



155 



DIVISION IV. REVELA- 
TION OF JESUS 
CHRIST 

LESSON XVIII. Revelation. 

LESSON XIX. Revelation (continued). 

LESSON XX. Review. 

LESSON XVIII. REVELATION 

Christ and His Message to the 
Churches 

(Rev. 1: 1-3:22.) 

The only successful interpretation of the Book 
of Revelation is found in taking the general scope 
of the book. Any minute and detailed attempt 
that we have seen is unsatisfactory. There are 
some of the figures of visions used that, to us, in 
our imperfect development and in the incomplete 
history of the church, seem unintelligible. The 
first sentence constitutes its title and indicates its 
nature, origin and method. The key to the en- 
tire book is found in Christ's last charge to John: 
"Write, therefore, the things which thou sawest, 
the things which are and shall come to pass after 
these." 

"The prophecy of this book" is that Christ and 



156 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



his church shall triumph over Satan and his king- 
dom. Blessed is the man who understandeth this! 

I. THE WRITER 

1. The Author. — This is the revelation of Jesus 
Christ. John is simply the amanuensis, writing 
the things he saw and heard. This is not the 
revelation of the Holy Spirit to John, in the ordi- 
nary sense of inspiration, but "the revelation of 
Jesus Christ which God gave him to show unto his 
servants." This is Christ's last message to men. 
It is not a book of church doctrines, but is pri- 
marily a book of judgment, dealing with the truth 
of divine government. In this we find ourselves 
in the realm of the Old Testament. The Son of 
man is exalted in his church to the place promised 
to Israel. 

2. Circumstances. — John was an exile on the isle 
of Patmos for his testimony of Jesus Christ, and 
was in the Spirit on the Lord's Day, when the 
Son of man appeared unto him in all his glor3 r , 
revealing to him (1) his majesty, (2) "the things 
that are," (3) "the things that are to come to 
pass." 

II. THE VISIOX OF CHRIST AND THE 
EPISTLES TO THE CHURCHES 

1. The Places. — The glorious vision on the isle 
of Patmos and the seven churches of Asia Minor. 

2. Time and Circumstances.— -It is the unani- 
mous opinion of conservative scholars that the 
Book of Revelation was written near the close of 



REVELATION 



157 



the first Christian century- Some modern critics 
believe that the book was written between the 
years 68 and 70 A. D., before the destruction of 
the city of Jerusalem. Whether this be true or 
not, sufficient time had elapsed for the churches to 
have developed certain congregational charcteris- 
tics, which are typical of the churches of every 
age. They had endured persecution and trial, and 
were beset by dangers which the risen and glori- 
fied Lord and Saviour regarded with divine com- 
passion. 

III. THE THEME: CHRIST HATH TRIUMPHED 
OVER ALL HIS ENEMIES AND THE 
FAITHFUL SHALL ALSO BE 
VICTORIOUS 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Introduction. 

2. The Glorious Christ. 

3. His Messages to the Churches, 

4. Conclusions. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 

1. Introduction. 

(1) The prologue: the book, its nature, origin, 
method and purpose. 

(2) Benediction: Blessed is he that readeth, 
understandeth and keepeth the things of this 
prophecy. 

(3) Central truths. 

2. The Glorious Christ. 

(1) The occasion of the vision: the exile, in the 
Spirit, hears the voice. 



158 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 

(2) The vision: the Son of man. 

(3) The voice. 

(4) The commission to write. 

3. His Messages to the Churches. 

(1) Ephesus. 

(2) Smyrna. 

(3) Pergamum. 

(4) Thyatira. 

(5) Sardis. 

(6) Philadelphia. 

(7) Laodicea. 

(8) A pillar in the temple of God. 

(9) To sit with Christ on his throne. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Christ is the risen and glorified Lord, and is 
concerned with the interest and struggles of every 
church and its members. 

2. He assures us that every faithful disciple 
shall be victorious and glorified with him. 

3. Proper form and doctrine without love is 
void. 

4. There are only two ways to keep the church 
pure in its life, and these are persecution and mis- 
sionary activity. 

5. A church may be poor and persecuted and yet 
rich before God. 

6. Some churches have only his name, not the 
spirit of the Master. 

7. Some churches have a name to live, but are 
dead. 



REVELATION 



159 



VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. 1: 8, 17, 18. 

2. 2: 7. 

3. 2: 11. 

4. 2: 17. 

5. 2: 26-28. 

6. 3: 5. 

7. 3: 12. 

8. 3: 21. 

9. 3: 19, 20. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. What is the proper name for this hook? 

2. Discuss its authorship. 

3. Give the three divisions of the book sug- 
gested in the text. 

4. How does the inspiration of this book differ 
from all others in the Bible? 

5. Give an analysis of the introduction. 

6. Give the vision of the Son of man as seen 
by John. 

7. Describe the conditions of and classify each 
of the seven churches. 

8. Give Christ's words of commendation to each. 

9. Give his condemnation of each. 

10. Give his message and promise to each. 

11. Why no condemnation of the Smyrna 
church? 

12. For what church did Christ have no word of 
commendation? 



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162 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 

13. What victories are promised to the mission- 
ary church? 

BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



REVELATION. 

Christ and His Message to the Churches. 

I. The Writ. 
1. TheAuth. 2. The Circum. 

II. The Vis. oe Chr. and the Epis. to the Chur. 
1. Pla. 2. Ti. and Circum. 

in. Theme: Chr. Ha. Trium. Ov. All His Enem. 

AND THE FAITHF. SHA. Al. Be VlCT. 

IV. Conc. Out. 

1. Intro. 3. His Mess, to the Chur. 

2. Glor. Chr. 4. Conclus. 

Truth Nugget.— Some churches are hospitals 
rather than armies. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 338 to 349 in the back of the book. 



LESSON XIX. REVELATION (Cont'd) 
Christ and His Kingdom 

(Rev. 4: 1-22: 21.) 

I. AND II. SAME AS IN LESSON XVIII. 

in. THE THEME: 4 4 THE THINGS WHICH SHALL 
COME TO PASS AFTER THESE.'* 

It is evident that the third division of the Book 
of Revelation begins with chapter 4, and from 



REVELATION 



163 



there to the end we have the things that were fore- 
told by the Lord through John. The things which 
John saw of the glories of the Son of man and 
"the things which are" have been treated in Les- 
son XVIII. The whole Book of Revelation reveals the 
work of God, through redeemed humanity, in over- 
coming the works of Satan, and establishing His 
rule in a new heaven and a new earth forever. 
For the sin of rebellion there is no mercy with 
God save in repentance. Satan was an angel of 
life, who led a rebellion against God's authority 
in heaven. The angels could not overcome his 
power, but could cast him out. Only the re- 
deemed, by faith in Jesus Christ, are able to over- 
come him who hath the power of death and hell. 
"When the last victory has been recorded and the 
awfulness of sin has been fully revealed in the 
suffering of Christ and the elect, neither men nor 
angels will desire to transgress his law or offend 
his love. Even the condemned will acknowledge 
his supremacy in the justice of it all. The stages 
by which this consummation is to be reached are 
here set forth. 

IV. CONCISE OUTLINE 

1. Millennial Preparation. 

2. The Millennium. 

3. The Millennial Results: The New Heaven and 
the New Earth. 

4. The Epilogue. 

V. OUTLINE SUBDIVIDED 
1. Millennial Preparation. 



164 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



(1) The heavenly order. 

( 2 ) Earthly administration. 

(3) The procedure described. 
a. The seals. 

b: The trumpets. 

c. The plagues 

el The fall of Babylon 

2. The Millennium 

(1) Its establishment. 

(2) Its reign. 

3. The Millennial Results. 

(1) Satan bound. 

(2) The universal judgment. 

(3) The reign of the Sod 

4. The Epilogue. 

(1) Final words of Jesus. 

(2) The final words of John. 

VI. TRUTH NUGGETS 

1. Christ alone is worthy to open the seals of 
the plan of the ages. 

2. At the center of everything is the throne of 
God, established and occupied. 

3. Christ is worthy of the praise of men and of 
angels. 

4. All must stand before the judgment-bar of 
God, to be judged for the deeds done in the 
body, whether they be good or evil. 

5. All that exalt themselves against God and 
Christ must be humbled. 

6. The ideals of Christianity are in a city — the 
New Jerusalem — where men dwell together. 



REVELATION 165 

7. Death and Hades are to be cast into a lake 
of fire, and Christ shall reign over an earth and 
heaven from which all evil has been banished. 

VII. MEMORY VERSES 

1. Chap. 4: 12, 13. 

2. 5: 15-17. 

3. 15: 3. 

4. 19: 6, 7, 16. 

5. 20: 6. 

6. 20: 12-15. 

7. 21: 1-4. 

8. 21: 7. 

9. 22: 17-19. 

VIII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH AND 
DISCUSSION 

1. Are the church and the kingdom of God 
identical? 

2. What is the prophecy of this book? 

3. What was the sealed book? 

4. Give the account of the opening of each seal. 

5. Give an account of each trumpet. 

6. Give the plagues and their significance. 

7. Give an account of the fall of Babylon. 

8. Give the main divisions of the Book of Reve- 
lation. 

9. Give the concise outline of this lesson. 

10. Outline the millennium. 

11. What is the first resurrection? 

12. What is the second death? 



166 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



13. What assurance have we that these things 
are true? 

14. What warning to those who deface this 
book? 

15. What is the purpose of Revelation? 

16. Describe the judgment. 

1 .7. Give a description of the paradise of God. 



BLACKBOARD EXERCISE 



REVELATION (Cont'd). 

Christ and His Kingdom. 

I. and II. same as in Lesson XVIII. 

III. Theme : The Thi. Whi. Sha. Co. to Pass 
Aft. Thes :. 

IV. Conc. Out. 

1. Millenn. Prep. 

2. Millenn. 

3. Millenn. Resu. : The New Heav. and the New Ear. 

4. Epilog". 

Truth Nugget. — Christ is the man of men and is 
worthy the praise of all men. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 

Use Questions 35 and 351 in the back of the 
book. 



LESSON XX. 
Review 

Questions and answers from 1 to 351 in the drill. 



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170 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



DRILL QUESTIONS 



1. Of the books of the New Testament, what 
pei son wrote the most? 

2. How many New Testament Epistles did Paul 
write? 

3. The authorship of what one of the New 
Testament books is unknown? 

4. Why is Hebrews classed by many writers 
with the Pauline Epistles? 

5. What is the form of the New Testament? 

6. What is the purpose of the Gospels? 

7. What is the purpose of Acts? 

8. To whom were the Epistles written? 

9. What was the purpose of the Epistles? 

10. Shall we look for another revelation? 

11. Name the biographical and historical books 
of the New Testament. 

12. Name the Epistles. 

13. How many types of thought in the Epistles? 

14. What have the Epistles in common? 

15. How do the Pauline Epistles differ? 

16. How many books in the New Testament tell 
how to become a Christian? 

17. Name the book that tells how to become a 
Christian. 

18. Give an outline of the Book of Acts. 

19. Name the Epistle of Paul that has but one 
chapter in it. 



BRILL QUESTIONS 



171 



20. Name the eight writers of the New Testa- 
ment. 

21. Quote John 20: 31. 

22. Quote Rom. 1: 16. 

23. Into how many groups may we gather Paul's 
letters? 

24. Name the groups into which Paul's letters 
are gathered. 

25. Name the books in the second-coming group 
of Paul's letters. 

26. When were 1 and 2 Thessalonians written? 

27. Where was 1 Thessalonians written? 

28. Where was 2 Thessalonians written? 

29. Name Paul's law and gospel Epistles. 

30. When were 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians 
and Romans written? 

31. Where w r as 1 Corinthians written? 

32. Where was 2 Corinthians written? 

33. Where was Galatians written? 

34. Where was Romans written? 

35. Name four cities that Paul visited on his first 
missionary journey. 

36. Name five cities in Asia Minor that Paul 
visited on his second missionary journey. 

37. Name four cities in Europe that Paul visited 
on his second missionary journey. 

38. Name the Epistles of Paul's second mission- 
ary journey. 

39. Name four provinces in Asia Minor that Paul 
visited on his third missionary journey. 

40. Name a city in Mysia that Paul visited on 
his third missionary journey. 



172 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



41. Name six cities that Paul visited on his third 
missionary journey. 

42. Name the Epistles written on the third mis- 
sionary journey. 

43. Name the Epistles of his earlier imprison- 
ment. 

44. When was Ephesians written? 

45. When was Philippians written? 

46. When was Colossians written? 

47. When was Philemon written? 

48. Name the Epistles of Paul's later imprison- 
ment. 

49. When was 1 Timothy written? 
50* When was Titus written? 

51. When was 2 Timothy written? 

52. Mark the development in the five groups of 
Paul's Epistles. 

53. Give the main theme of 1 and 2 Thessa- 
lonians. 

54. What is the theme of Romans? 

55. What is the theme of 1 Corinthians? 

56. What is the theme of 2 Corinthians? 

57. What is the central theme of Galatians? 

58. What is the central theme of Philippians? 

59. What is the central theme of Ephesians? 

60. What is the central theme of Colossians? 

61. What is the central theme of Timothy and 
Titus? 

62. What is the central thought of Philemon? 

63. What is the theme of 2 Timothy? 

64. What is the central theme of Hebrews? 

65. What is the central theme of James? 



DRILL QUESTIONS 173 

66. What is the central theme of 1 Peter? 
- 67. What is the central theme of 2 Peter? 

68. What is the central theme of the Epistles of 
John? 

69. What is the theme of Jude? 

70. What is the theme cf Revelation? 

71. How is Revelation divided? 

72'. Give the order of the synagogue worship. 

73. Name three ways by which the synagogue 
aided the early ministers of the gospel. 

74. How has the synagogue affected the church 
worship? 

75. What change must the apostle make in the 
service to worship God acceptably in the synagogue? 

76. In what two ways did the synagogue prepare 
for the organization and training of the local church? 

77. To whom did Paul make his first appeal in 
every community? 

78. What is eschatology? 

79. Which are the eschatological Epistles? 

80. Of what practical value to Christians is the 
study of the last things, such as death, resurrection 
and judgment? 

81. Give another name for the '•Eschatological" 
Epistles. 

82. What is the oldest Christian literature? 

83. What two things called forth the Epistles 
to the Thessalonians? 

84. Who were Paul's companions when he in- 
vaded Europe? 

85. Who was with Paul when he came to Thessa- 
lonica on his second missionary journey? 



174 EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 

86. Whom did Paul leave at Thessalonica on his 
second missionary journey to care for the church? 

87. Where does he leave Luke on his second mis- 
sionary journey? 

88. Where did Paul leave Silas and Timothy on 
his second missionary journey? 

89. Locate the city of Thessalonica. 

90. Give an account of the establishment of the 
church at Thessalonica. 

91. What is peculiar in Paul's salutations to the 
Thessalonians? 

92. What did the Greeks understand by the word 
translated church? 

93. What light does the Greek word throw on 
the church? 

94. Give a concise outline of Thessalonians. 

95. What is the practical significance of the doc- 
trine of the second coming of Christ? 

96. How may we be always ready? 

97. Give four practical teachings of Paul in 
Thessalonians. 

98. Give the main divisions of 2 Thessalonians. 

99. What called forth 2 Thessalonians? 

100. What noted preachers were produced by the 
church at Thessalonica? 

101. Enumerate the three things for which Paul 
commends the Thessalonians. 

102. For what three things did Paul pray relative 
to the Thessalonians? 

103. Give a history of Paul. (1) As to descent. 
(2) As to nationality. (3) As to family. (4) As to 
education. (5) As to persecution. (6) As to religion. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 



175 



104. What evidence that Paul was influenced by 
Stephen's ministry? 

105. Why the vision to Saul on his way to Da- 
mascus? 

106. Give six periods in Paul's life. 

107. Give the general form of Pauline Epistles. 

108. Give the occasion of writing the letter to the 
Romans. 

109. What else did he plan on this visit to Rome? 

110. What two things impelled Paul to risk the 
Jerusalem church? 

111. Where and in whcse home was the Roman 
Epistle written? 

112. Who was his amanuensis in writing the 
Roman Epistle? 

113. Who first proclaimed the gospel in Rome? 

114. Who organized the Roman church? 

115. Who composed the Roman church? 

H6. Who bore the letter to the Roman church? 

117. Name four kinfolks of Paul's in Rcme?. 

118. What special friends and fellow-workers had 
PauMn Rome? 

119. Why this long and profound doctrinal trea- 
tise? 

120. Give the main divisions of Romans. 

121. What is the central thought of Remans? 

122. What is the purpose of the law? 

123. What does Paul say of the gospel? 

124. What does Paul say of baptism in Rom. 6:4? 

125. What does baptism represent? 

126. What does Paul say of faith? 



176 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



127. Make fivefold comparison of Adam and 
Christ 

128. What does Paul teach concerning circum- 
cision? 

129. Make the comparison between the law and 
the gospel. 

130. Give Paul's argument in Romans, chapters 
4 to 8, concerning justification under both law and 
gospel. 

131. Give the cause of Israel's rejection. 

132. Is Israel's rejection to be permanent? 

133. What was the result of Israel's rejection? 

134. What does Romans 12 teach us? 

135. How is love the fulfillment of the law? 

136. How is Christian liberty manifested? 

137. Where was Corinth? 

138. What of the importance of Corinth? 

139. What of the inhabitants of Corinth? 

140. What of the vices of Corinth? 

141. What of the religion of Corinth? 

142. Give Paul's experience in Corinth. 

143. What was Paul's work in Corinth? 

144. What is the condition of Corinth to-day? 

145. In visiting the ruins of Corinth, from what 
city is it most easily reached? 

146. Is this Paul's first letter to the Corinthians? 

147. What was the occasion of Paul's writing 1 
Corinthians? 

148. What reports had reached Paul? 

149. What question did the Corinthians ask? 

150. Why are divisions in the church of Christ a 
sin? 



BRILL QUESTIONS 



111 



151. How does Paul classify these divisions? 

152. How were they to correct and heal these di- 
visions? 

153. What building is the church? 

154. What action is demanded of the church 
against the incestuous man? 

155. What is the purpose of church discipline? 

156. Upon what grounds does Paul condemn Chris- 
tians going to law before heathen courts? 

157. Upon what ground does he condemn personal 
impurity? 

158. What was Paul's answer to the question 
about marriage? 

159. What of separation of a Christian from a 
heathen? 

160. What of remarriage? 

161. Whom should a Christian marry? 

162. How should husband and wife treat each 
other? 

163. W T hat is the rule concerning things offered to 
idols? 

164. What is the difference between knowledge 
and love in such cases? 

165. Does such privilege furnish an assurance 
against failure? 

166. What were the causes of Israel's destruction? 

167. What are Paul's three tests of action? 

168. Were women prohibited from speaking in the 
public assembly? 

169. What is woman's relation to man and the 
church? 



17S 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



170. What is the practical conclusion from this 
principle? 

171. How eat and drink the Lord's Supper un- 
worthily? 

172. Who decided the gifts of the Holy Spirit? 

173. For what were the gifts of the Holy Spirit 
given ? 

174. What is the greatest element in building up 
the church? 

175. What was the base of all the discord in the 
church at Corinth? 

176. Upon what does Paul base the gospel and 
consequent faith? 

177. What were the results of Paul's first letter to 
the Corinthians? 

178. What six accusations did they bring against 
him? 

179. What is the purpose of Paul in his second 
Epistle to the Corinthians? 

180. Give six points of superiority of the Chris- 
tian ministry over the old covenant. (2 Cor. 3: 2-11.) 

181. By whom instituted? 

182. What is the work of the ministry of the 
church? 

183. Give a concise outline of the second Epistle 
to the Corinthians. 

184. How are ministers designated? 

185. How does the ministry of the Word differ 
from the apostolic office? 

186. Name eight characteristics which the minis- 
ter should have. 

187. What and how is the minister to preach? 



DRILL QUESTIONS 



179 



188. Name at least four ways that the church 
should support the minister. 

189. How did Paul come to preach to the Gala- 
tians? 

190. Who were the Galatians? 

191. Name characteristics of the Galatians. 

192. What was the occasion of the Epistle to the 
Galatians? 

193. How did the Galatians oppose Paul? 

194. Give Paul's defense of his apostleship. 

195. What was Paul's declaration of the gospel of 
liberty? 

196. Give his argument for justification by faith. 

197. What are the limits of the law? 

198. What the source of Paul's glorifying? 

199. How may we know who have the Holy Spirit? 

200. From what are we set free? 

201. For what are we set free? 

202. What is the ruling power of the new life? 

203. How is the Holy Spirit received? 

204. How are men called? 
2'05. What is regeneration? 

206. What is conversion, according to Galatians? 

207. What is the importance of faith? 

208. Name two elements of faith. 

209. How are men justified? 

210. Of what two things does justification consist? 

211. What are the effects of justification? 

212. What relation has Galatians to Romans? 

213. Who are the true children of Abraham? 

214. Give the benediction after Paul's battle for 
liberty in Galatians. 



180 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



215. For what defeat is Philippi noted in history? 

216. What was the result of this defeat? 

217. For what is Philippi most noted? 

218. What was the result 'of this achievement? 

219. When was the church in Philippi organized? 
2'20. Who were the first members of the Philippian 

church ? 

221. Who were added later? 

222. Who constituted the jailer's household? 

223. Give an account o>f the founding of the church 
at Philippi. 

224. Who were Paul's companions when he es- 
tablished the church in Philippi? 

225. Where and to whom did they begin their 
preaching? 

226. Why resort hither? 

227. What distinction has the church in Philippi? 

228. When was the Epistle to the Philippians 
written and where? 

229. What was the occasion? 

230. Had the Philippians ministered unto Paul be- 
fore? 

231. How did Paul regard Epaphroditus? 

232. What special light does the letter to Philippi 
throw on Paul's character? 

233. What had been the result of Paul's imprison- 
ment? 

234. Why is Philippians called the transitional 
Epistle? 

235. What is the theme of Philippians? 

236. Quote the "epic of Christianity/' 



DRILL QUESTIONS 



181 



237. What central principles does this passage 
contain? 

"238. Give the four steps in Jesus' humiliation in 
his descent from equality with God. 

239. What does Paul declare as to the way of the 
world's progress? 

240. What two warnings does Paul give to the 
Philippians? 

241. Give a concise outline of the Book of Philip- 
pians. 

242. What was the motto of Paul's life? 

243. What was Paul's supreme exhortation? 

244. Give other practical exhortations of Paul. 
2'45. Give Paul's final exhortation to the Philip- 
pians. 

246. Where was Ephesus? 

247. For what was Ephesus noted? 

248. What other architectural feature was at 
Ephesus? 

249. When did Paul first visit Ephesus? 

250. What provision did he make for returning? 

251. Who visited Ephesus before Paul's return? 

252. Give an account of Paul's labors at Ephesus. 

253. How long did Paul remain at Ephesus on his 
third missionary journey? 

254. What was Paul's success in Ephesus? 

255. What Epistle did Paul write in Ephesus? 

256. What is the nature of the Epistle to the 
Ephesians? 

257. Why do we so conclude? 

258. Where was Ephesians written and when? 



182 



EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



259. What is Paul's central theme in Ephesians? 

260. Give a concise outline of Ephesians. 

261. In what three ways are these spiritual bless- 
ings in Christ presented by Paul? 

2*62. What is God's eternal purpose? 

263. What is the predestined method? 

264. What are the predestined results? 

265. How do we get into Christ? 

266. What bearing has Ephesians on the subject 
of Christian union? 

267. Under what five heads does Paul treat the 
subject of Christian union? 

268. How does Paul present the union of the 
church? 

269. In what two ways preserve the unity of the 
Spirit? 

270. How discuss the unity of ministrations? 

271. What are the three fundamental unities? 

272. What are tke unities of the church'? 

273. What are the unities of the Christ? 

274. What are the unities of the Father? 

275. What are the ultimate unities? 

276. What is the central theme of Colossians? 

277. Where was Colossav? 

278. What was the occasion of the Epistle to the 
Colossians? 

279. What two heresies did Epaphras report to 
Paul? 

280. Give a concise outline of Colossians. 

281. What was the effect of Jewish legalism 

282. How did these Gnostics connect God and the 
world and man° 



DRILL QUESTIONS 183 

283. How does Paul connect God and man and 
the world? 

284. For what does Paul pray on behalf of the 
Colossians? 

285. What blessings have we in Christ? 

286. What of Christ's relation to God? 

287. What is Christ's relation to creation? 

288. What is Christ's relation to the church? 

289. What is Christ's Velation to the redeemed? 

290. What assurance is given concerning con- 
tinuance? 

291. In what threefold way did Paul satisfy the 
Colossians' desire for the mysterious? 

292'. Give Paul's summary of the completeness of 
the church in Christ, its head. 

293., Give Paul's positive exhortation to Christian 
living in CoL 3: 1-4. 

294. Give his negative exhortation in Col. 2: 20-23. 

295. Give Paul's rules of life and worship in Col. 
3: 15-17. 

296. What were Paul's reasons for writing Colos- 
sians? 

297. Which are the truly pastoral Epistles? 

298. Which are the personal Epistles? 

299. What is the central theme of 1 Timothy? 

300. Give a concise outline of 1 Timothy. 

301. What is the central theme of Titus? 

302. Give a concise outline of Titus. 

303. What is the central theme of Philemon? 

304. Give a concise outline of Philemon. 

305. What is the central theme of 2 Timothy? 

306. Give a concise outline of 2 Timothy. 



184 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



307. To what does the Book of Hebrews pertain? 

308. Give a concise outline of Hebrews. 

309. How is Christ presented in Hebrews? 

310. How does the author of Hebrews present the 
superiority of Christ? 

311. How does he compare the relationship of the 
Christian with the old dispensation? 

312. Give the superiority of our revelation as 
given in Heb. 1: 1-3. 

313. Give the superiority of the gospel over the 
law as given in Heb. 12: 18-24. 

314. Give the rule of faith as given in Heb. 13: 7-9. 

315. Who is the author of the Epistle of James? 

316. What is the central theme of James? 

317. Give a concise outline of James. 

318. What is James' basic truth? 

319. How" are the children of God begotten? 

320. W T hat is the nature of the wisdom from 
above? 

321. Who is the perfect man? 

322. What are the main divisions of 1 Peter? 

323. How does Peter say we are begotten? 

324. How do we attain to a perfect salvation? 

325. Quote 1 Pet. 3: 21. 

326. Give a concise outline of 2 Peter. 

327. What is the theme of 2 Peter? 

328. What is the theme of 1 John? 

329. Give a concise outline of 1 John. 

330. What is the theme of 2 John? 

331. Give a concise outline of 2 John. 

332. What is the theme of 3 John? 

333. Give a concise outline of 3 John. 



DRILL QUESTIONS 



185 



334. Who was Jude? 

335. On what had Jude intended to write? 

336. On what did Jude write? 

337. What changed his plans? 

338. What are the marks of false teachers? 

339. What is the theme of Jude? 

340. Give a concise outline of Jude. 

341. What is the proper title of the Book of Rev- 
elation ? 

342. Give a concise outline of the Book of Revela- 
tion. 

343. How is the church at Ephesus described? 

344. What is "first love"? 

345. How is the church at Smyrna described? 

346. How is Pergamum described? 

347. How is the church at Thyatira described? 

348. How is the church at Sardis described? 

349. What was the Master's commendation of 
Sardis? 

350. How is the church at Philadelphia described? 

351. What is the Lord's promise to the church at 
Philadelphia? 

352. What is the description of the church at 
Laodicea? 

353. What is peculiar in this letter? 

354. Name the seven-fold reward that Christ prom- 
ised to the "overeomers." 

355. What is the prophecy of the Book of Revela- 
tion? 



186 EPISTLES AXD REVEL AT I OX 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 



1. Paul. 

2. Thirteen and perhaps fourteen. 

3. Hebrews. 

4. Because it is thought by many to be Pauline 
in character. 

5. The New Testament is a series of co-ordina- 
ting rather than successive accounts of the Christ. 

6. The purpose of the Gospels is to produce and 
deepen faith in Christ. 

7. To tell how to accept Christ. 

8. The Epistles were written to Christians. 

9. To teach Christians how to live the over- 
coming life. 

10. No; in these days He (God) hath spoken 
unto us by his Son. 

11. Matthew, Mark, Luke, John and Acts. 

12. (Learn them from your Bible.) 

13. There are six: Pauline, Hebraic, Jacobean, 
Petrine, Judan, Johannean. 

14. They all interpret the Christ through history, 
literature, religion and life of God's people. 

15. They differ in their viewpoint and the at- 
tributes of the Christ they emphasize. 

16. There is but one book in the Bible that tells 
Of the one. way to accept Christ. 

17. Acts. 

18. (1) Church in Jerusalem. (2) Church in 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 187 



transition. (3) Paul's preaching tours. (4) Paul's 
imprisonment work. 

19. Philemon. 

20. Matthew. Mark. Luke, John, Paul, Peter, 
James, Jude. 

21. John 20: 31. 

22. Rom. 1: 16. 

23. Five. 

24. Second coming, law and gospel, transitional, 
Christological. pastoral and personal. 

25. 1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians. 

26. 52 or 53 A. D. 

27. Corinth. 

28. Probably at Corinth. 

29. 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians and Romans. 

30. 58 A. D. 

31. Ephesus. 

32. Philippi or Ephesus. 

33. Corinth. 

34. Corinth. 

35. Antioch in Pisidia, Iconium, Lystra and 
Derbe. 

36. Derbe. Lystra. Iconium. Ephesus and Troas. 

37. Philippi. Thessalonica, Athens, Corinth. 

38. 1 and 2 Thessalonians. 

39. Galatia, Phrygia. Lycia. Mysia. 

40. Troas. 

41. Philippi, Troas, Miletus, Tyre, CaBsarea. Jeru- 
salem. 

42. 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians and Romans. 

43. Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon. 

44. 63 A. D. 



188 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



45. 62 A. D. 

46. 62 A. D. 

47. 62 A. D. 

48. 1 Timothy, Titus and 2 Timothy. 

49. 66 A. D. 

50. 66 A. D. 

51. 67 or 68 A. D. 

52. In the first group Paul is encouraging those 
under persecution. In the second he is defending the 
rights and the liberty of the Gentiles. In the third 
he presents the humiliation and exaltation of Jesus 
Christ. In the fourth, the greatness of the conflict 
and the final victory. In the fifth, the sufficiency of 
Christ in the work of the church and the need of the 
individual disciple. 

53. The theme of 1 and 2 Thessalonians is: The 
second coming of Christ. 

54. The theme of Romans is: Justification by 
faith. 

55. The church, the medium of Christ's ministra- 
tion. 

56. Ministry of the church. 

57. Christ, the liberator. 

58. The mind of Christ, the secret of joy. 

59. The church of Christ; his body filled with his 
spirit, directed by his wisdom, triumphing in his 
power. 

60. The glorious Christ, the head of his church. 

61. Christ's ministers and their duties. 

62. Christ and social relations. 

63. Christ and the crises of life. 

64. Christ, the final revelation, the only mediator. 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 189 



65. Christ the master and his bond-servant. 

66. Obedience of faith to Christ the Messianic 
King. 

G7. Obedience of knowledge of the Son of God. 
GS. The love of Christ and fellowship with God. 
G9. Loyalty of faith in Christ and God. 

70. The victory of Christ and his disciples over 
Satan, sin and death. 

71. "The vision of the Son of man," "The things 
which are" and "The things to follow." 

72. Singing Psalms, prayer, reading a lesson from 
the law and the prophets and a discussion of the 
meaning and application of the Scriptural truths. 

73. It provided (1) a place; (2) an audience; 
(3) a Scripture text. 

74. The order of worship in the church was de- 
cided by it. 

75. Simply to offer his prayer in the name of 
Christ. 

76. Here men were trained (1) to study the 
Scriptures, and (2) to live godly lives. 

77. To the Jews. 

78. Eschatology is the study of the last things, 
death, resurrection, judgment, eternal reward and 
punishment. 

79. 1 and 2 Thessalonians. 

80. Only by keeping these in view can we live as 
God designed. 

81. Second Coming. 

82. Paul's Epistles to the Thessalonians. There 
are probably older passages in the Gospels, but the 
Gospels, as books, were written later. 



190 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



S3. (1) Violent persecution; (2) anxiety about 
the dead lest they should not share in the glorious 
reward of the Master when he came for his own. 

84. Timothy, Titus, Silas and Luke. 

85. Silas. 

86. Probably Titus. 
ST. At Philippi. 

. 88. At Berea. 

89. On the Egnatian road at the northeastern 
corner of the Thermaic Gulf (see map). 

90. Acts 17: 1-14. Give each point. 

91. He adds nothing to his name to indicate his 
apostleship or the nature of his service. 

92. An assembly of town folks "called out" for 
public business. 

93. It is composed of those called out of the 
world "in God the Father and the Lord Jesus" to 
attend to his business., fight his battles and live for 
him. 

94. (1) Introduction; (2) conversion; (3) conse- 
cration; (4) culmination; (5) conclusion. 

95. That we be always ready. 

96. By doing the Master's will continually. 

97. (1) Personal purity; (2) industry; (3) hon- 
esty; (4) brotherly love. 

98. (1) Introduction; (2) doctrine; (3) exhorta- 
tion; (4) conclusion. 

99. Their misunderstanding of 1 Thessalonians 
(2 Thess. 2:2). 

100. Jason, Aristarchus, Secundus and Demas. 

101. Work of faith, labor of love and patience 
of hope. 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 191 



102. That they may be blameless in holiness, pa- 
tient in persecution, and that they abound in love. 

103. The history of Christian civilization is in- 
herent in him. (1) A Hebrew, of the tribe of Ben- 
jamin; (2) a Roman citizen of Tarsus of Cilicia; 
(3) he was of a devout family; (4) he was the finest 
educated man of his times; in the family taught the 
Scriptures, in the synagogue studied their practical 
application, reared in the university city of Tarsus, 
and was a student in the school of Gamaliel; (5) 
he was a member of the Sanhedrin. He gave his 
"vote" against the Christians, and up to the time 
of his conversion, Luke, his historian, tells the se- 
cret proceedings of the same. He was intrusted 
with the task of stamping out the church: (6) he was 
a Pharisee, a devout and conscientious man. 

104. He heard Stephen's sermon, saw Stephen's 
face as the face of an angel, and presents the line 
of Stephen's argument ever afterwards. 

105. That he might be a witness of the fact 
of the resurrection. 

106. Six periods in Paul*s life are (1) student; 
(2) persecutor: (3) convert: (4) missionary; (5) 
author; (6) prisoner. 

107. (1) Salutation and statement of the sub- 
ject to be considered; (2) thanksgiving and a word 
of encouragement; (3) doctrinal discussion; (4) ap- 
plication: (5) personal matters and messages; (6) 
autograph. 

108. Meet the contention that Gentiles must be 
circumcised and keep the law of Moses in order to 
be saved. 



192 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



109. A trip to Spain. 

110. Supply temporal needs; correct false teach- 
ings. 

111. In Corinth, at the home of Gaius. 

112. Tertius. 

113. The "sojourners from Rome" who were wit- 
nesses at Pentecost. 

114. No one knows. 

115. Jews and Gentiles. 

116. Phcebe of Cenchrea. 

117. Andronicus, Junias, Herodian, "^ufus. 

118. Aquila and Priscilla, Ephaenetus (the first 
Christian in Achaia), Mary, Amplias, Urbanus, 
Stachys. Whether he knew personally others whose 
names he gives we know not. 

119. That they might know his teaching, and to 
meet the false teaching of Judaizers. 

120. (1) Introduction; (2) justification; (3) 
transformation; (4) conclusion. 

121. Justification by faith in Christ. 

122. To reveal the power of sin and a primary 
knowledge of the truth. 

123. It is the power of God unto salvation to 
every one that believes. 

124. We are buried with Christ by baptism into 
death; that "like as 'Christ was raised up from the 
dead by the glory of tine Father, even so we should 
walk in newness of life." 

125. Baptism represents our death to sin, burial 
of the old life and resurrection to a new life. 

126. Faith is the primal condition of the spiritual 
life (Rom. 1: 17; 3: 21; 21: 22). 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 193 



127. Adam brought — sin, disobedience, sensuality, 
condemnation and death; Christ brought — righteous- 
ness, obedience, spirituality, justification and life. 

128. It is the sign of separation. 

129. The law condemns, the gospel saves. 

130. Justification is by faith and not by the law. 

131. They disbelieved the Christ (Rom. 11: 20). 

132. "When the fulness of the Gentiles is come 
in, all Israel shall be saved." 

133. The salvation of the Gentiles. 

134. To present our bodies as living sacrifices. 

135. By laboring to attain its ideals of faith. 

136. By what it gives up and not by what it de- 
mands. 

137. Corinth was en the isthmus joining upper 
and lower Greece. 

138. Corinth was a great commercial city. 

139. The inhabitants of Corinth were merchants, 
sailors, adventurers and refugees from all countries. 

140. Corinth had the vices of both the East and 
the West. 

141. The religion of Corinth was corrupt — that of 
the Jewish synagogue alone excepted. 

142. He arrived from Athens a discouraged man, 
worked at his trade, lived with Aquila and Priscilla, 
was joined by Silas and Timothy, received a revela- 
tion from God and then pressed the conquest. 

143. His work was making tents and preaching 
the gospel. 

144. In desolate ruins. 

145. Smyrna. 

146. No. He wrote a letter that has been lost. 



194 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



147. Reports about them and a letter from them. 

148. Reports of divisions and degradation of the* 
Lord's Supper. 

149. Questions concerning marriage, idols, gifts 
and tongues. 

150. Because they weaken the church. 

151. As works of the flesh and the fruits of the> 
carnal mind. 

. 152. By a thorough understanding of "the word 
of the cross." 

153. It is the building in which "the spirit of 
God dwelleth." 

154. That he be delivered to Satan. 

155. To save the offender and the church. 

156. First, because there should be one wise 
among them, and, second, because the principles by 
which they were supposed to live should be the 
standards for judging the world. 

157. On the ground that a man's body joined 
to a harlot is divorced from Christ. 

158. Marriage is honorable and right, but under 
the stress of the time it was, in his judgment, bet- 
ter to remain single. 

159. The Christian is not to take the initiative 
in the dissolution. 

1G0. If either would marry again, there must be 
reconciliation to the former partner. 

161. A Christian should marry only a Christian. 

162. They should not defraud the other, nor im- 
pose on the other, because each is the Lord's bond- 
servant. 

163. The rule of saving and edifying the idolater. 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 195 



164. Knowledge alcne puffs up; love builds up. 

165. It does not, as illustrated in the case of Is- 
rael, who were all baptized into Moses in the cloud 
and sea. 

166. The four besetting sins of Corinth — idolatry, 
fornication, testing God and murmuring. 

167. First, is it right? Second, is it expedient? 
Third, will it edify? 

1G8. They were not, for Paul instructs them con- 
cerning their attire while praying and speaking in 
the mixed assembly (1 Cor. 11: 5). 

169. Man is head cf the woman in the Lord as 
Christ is head of the man. 

170. That they should labor together for the 
building up of the church. 

171. By net discerning the body and blood of 
Christ. 

172. The Spirit himself. 

173. For the edification of the church. 

174. Love. 

175. Selfishness. 

176. Upon the death, burial and resurrection of 
Jesus Christ. 

177. Reformation, doubtless in all points in which 
they were rebuked, except the healing cf party strife. 

178. That he was (1) not an authorized apostle; 
(2) fickle; (3) proud and boastful; (4) obscure in 
his preaching; (5) contemptible in appearance; (6) 
rude in speech and afraid to say in person what he 
had written. 

179. To exalt the ministry and defend his apostle- 
ship. 



196 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



180. (1) Gospel message written in human lives, 
not on tables of stone; (2) by Holy Spirit, not voice 
of thunder; (3) ministers of a new and abiding cove- 
nant; (4) the letter of the law killeth, the Spirit 
maketh alive; (5) the old was a ministration of 
condemnation, the new of righteousness; (6) the 
old was glorious, the new more glorious. 

181. God (5: 18-20). 

182. To reconcile the world unto God threugk 
Christ. 

183. The nature of the Christian ministry, the 
characteristics, salutation, review, benevolence, vindi- 
cation, benediction and message of the minister, at- 
titude of the church to the minister. 

184. Ministers of Christ, of righteousness, of a 
new covenant, of the mysteries of God; ambassadors 
for Christ, minister of God, and of reconciliation 
of man to God. 

185. Apostles were (1) first or pre-eminent; (2) 
eye-witnesses of risen Lord; (3) the seal of an apostle 
were signs, wonders and mighty works; (4) the care 
of all the churches. The minister need not have any 
of these. 

186. Consecrated, careful, patient, prayerful, hum- 
ble, happy, tactful, thorough. 

187. Preach the truth sincerely, simply, strongly, 
consistently, comfortingly, consecratedly. 

188. (1) Pray for him; (2) pay him; (3) plan 
with him; (4) place confidence in him. 

189. Because of sickness he sought the uplands 
of Galatia for recovery. 

190. They were descendants of the ancient Gauls. 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 197 



191. They were (1) passionate; (2) hospitable; 
(3) fickle, yet a (4) liberty-loving people. 

192. Paul writes to free the Galatians from the 
errors of Judaism. 

193. They disputed his apostolic authority and 
his doctrine. 

194. (1) A statement of his authority; (2) this 
authority was confirmed by the conference at Jeru- 
salem; (3) this authority was manifested by his 
rebuke of Peter, which was so accepted; (4) his 
personal testimony. (See Gal. 1:2.) 

195. Justification is, and always has been, by 
faith; the law was only designed to be transient and 
transitional, and the two covenants were compared 
to Ishmael, the son of a slave, and Isaac, the son of 
promise and a free woman. 

196. Passing from his own experience, he appeals 
to the Galatians themselves; how Christ was set 
forth; how they believed and obeyed; how they re- 
ceived the Holy Spirit; and how this faith wrought in 
them. The law dees none of these things. 

197. The law can not forgive. 

198. Paul gloried in his infirmities and his afflic- 
tions. 

199. By the fruits of the Spirit: love, joy, peace, 
long-suffering, gentleness, meekness, goodness and 
self-control. 

200. We are set free from the guilt, power and 
dominion of sin. 

201. We are set free for voluntary service. 

202. The power of the Holy Spirit. 

203. The testimony of Christ is "set forth, re- 



198 



EPISTLES AND REVELATIOX 



ceived, believed, obeyed;" then "the Holy Spirit is 
received by the hearing which produces such faith." 

204. By the grace of God, through the preaching 
of the gospel. 

205. Regeneration is the work of God by the 
Holy Spirit through the Word (3: 2). 

206. A change or turning of the whole past life 
(1: 13, 14, 24); a turning from the rudiments of 
the world (4: 3, 9) to a walk by the Holy Spirit 
(5: 16-18: 25). 

207. Faith is necessary to salvation. 

208. The two elements of faith are (1) belief of 
testimony (2:2; 3: 23; 4:9) and (2) trust in Christ 
(2: 16; 8: 20). 

209. Men are justified by faith in Christ. 

210. Either to have never sinned or to have been 
forgiven; hence (1) remission of sins; (2) imputa- 
tion of Christ's righteousness. 

211. (1) A dying to the world, crucifying the 
flesh; (2) freedom from the bondage of the law 
and the dominion of sin; (3) union with God, son- 
ship, heirship and peace. 

212. Galatians is the synopsis; Romans the fuller 
treatise. 

213. Those who are his children by faith according 
to promise. 

214. "Brethren, the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ 
be with your spirits." Amen. 

215. For the defeat of the Roman republican 
forces by Augustus and Marcus Antonius. 

216. The death of the people's liberty and the 
establishment of the empire. 



AXSWERS TO DRILL QUE ST I OX S 199 



217. Philippi is noted for the organization of the 
:first Christian church in Europe. 

21S. The freedom cf many from sin and the birth 
of the cause cf liberty. 

219. The church in Philippi was organized in 
52 A. D. 

220. Lydia and her household. 

221. The Reman jailor and his family. 

222. These who were able to listen to ''the word 
of the Lord," to "believe in God" and to rejoice 
when they were baptized. 

223. Paul and his companions went cut by the 
river-side and preached to a few Jewish women, 
whose hearts the Lord opened to give heed to the 
gospel message. They were baptized and ministered 
to the messengers. 

224. Silas, Luke and Timothy. 

• 225. By a river-side to a few devout Jewish 
women. 

226. Where the Jews had no synagogue they met 
lay a running stream to worship. 

227. It is the only church to which Paul wrote 
•without having to rebuke for sin. 

228. Philippians was written about 62 A. D., from 
the Reman prison. 

229. The Philippian church had sent a gift to Paul 
by the hands of Epaphroditus, and Paul writes to 
thank them. 

230. Yes, many times. 

231. Paul loved him much, prayed earnestly for 
lis recovery from illness, and now sends this love- 
letter by him. 



200 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



232. It reveals his spirit of thankfulness; (2') 
resignation; (3) contentment; (4) and joy in ad- 
versity; (5) his deep love; and (6) his confidence 
of release. 

233. Paul's imprisonment had turned out to the 
furtherance of the gospel. 

234. Because Paul simply touches on the Judaistic 
discussion by declaring that righteousness can be 
attained only through Christ, not by the law. Then 
deals with the deeper things of Christ's nature which 
characterize his later Epistles. 

235. The theme of Philippians is: The mind of 
Christ is the secret of joy. 

238. Have this mind in you, which was also in 
Christ Jesus: who, existing in the form of God, 
counted not the being on an equality with God a 
thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, taking the 
form of a servant, being made in the likeness of men; 
and being found in fashion as a man, he humbled 
himself, becoming obedient even unto death, yea, the 
death of the cross. Wherefore also God highly ex- 
alted him, and gave unto him the name which is 
above every name; that in the name of Jesus every 
knee should bow, of things in heaven and things on 
earth and things under the earth, and that every 
tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, 
to the glory of God the Father. 

237. Humility, sacrifice, service, obedience, exalta- 
tion and glory. 

238. He descended to the estate of man; to the 
life of a servant; to death and cross. 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 201 

239. The way of the world's progress and honor 
is the way of the cross. 

240. Paul warns the Philippians against Judaistic 
teaching and immoral living. 

241. (1) Introduction: (2) happiness; (3) humil- 
ity; (4) helpfulness; (5) conclusion. 

242. Paul's motto was: 'Tor to me to live is 
Christ; to die is gain." 

243. Paul's supreme exhortation was: "Let this 
mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus." 

244. "Rejoice in the Lord always." ''Let your 
liberality be known unto all men. The Lord is at 
hand." "Be anxious for nothing: but in everything 
by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let 
your requests be made known unto God." "Stand 
fast in the Lord/' 

245. Paul's final exhortation to the Philippians 
was: "Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, 
honest, just. pure, lovely, of good report: if there 
be any virtue and if any praise., think on these 
things." 

246. Ephesus was on the eastern coast cf the 
JEgean Sea. 

247. Ephesus was noted for the marble temple of 
Diana, one of the seven wonders of the world. 
It stocd outside the city, facing east, and was two 
hundred and twenty years in building. 

24S. The theater excavated on the western slope 
ot Mt. Coresus. and seating fifty thousand people. 

249. On his second missionary journey, on his 
way up to Jerusalem. 



202 



EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



250. He provided for a home upon his return with 
the faithful Aquila and Priscilla. 

251. Apollos, the eloquent. 

252. He remained long, changed the sentiment 
of the entire city, evangelized the province of Asia, 
and established one of the greatest churches of the 
apostolic age. 

253. Three years. 

2'54. He extended the influence of the gospel over 
all the province of Asia. 

255. 1 Corinthians. 

256. It is probably a circular letter intended for 
all the churches of Asia. 

257. Because of the general character of the Epis- 
tle, and lack of local allusions. 

258. Ephesians was written at Rome, in 63 A. D. 

259. The church the body of Christ. 

260. (1) Introduction; (2) fulfillment; (3) the 
church and our earthly calling; (4) conclusion. 

261. Under the headings: (1) the predestined 
purpose, (2) the predestined method, and (3) pre- 
destined results. 

262. That we should be "chosen in him," Christ 
Jesus; "holy and blameless before him in love," 
"foreordained in him," "adoption in him," "to the 
praise of his glory in the beloved." 

263. "Redemption in his blood;" "forgiveness in 
him;" "riches of grace in him;" "to sum up all things 
in him; things in heaven and things upon the earth." 

264. We are "God's heritage in him; foreordained 
in Christ; hope in Christ; word of truth in him; 
believed in him; sealed by the Holy Spirit of promise 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 203 



in him; our inheritance in him; God's possession 
and praise of his glory in him." 

265. We are "baptized into Christ" (Gal. 3: 27). 

266. It is the greatest treatise on Christian union 
ever published. 

267. (1) Union cf the church; (2) unity of the 
Spirit; (3) unities fundamental; (4) unity and di- 
versity of ministration; (5) ultimate unity. 

2'68. (1) The union of Jews and Gentiles in the 
"new man;" (2) cne body; (3) one building. 

269. (1) By walking worthily of our vocation; 
(2) by giving all diligence to keep the unity of 
the Spirit in bonds of peace. 

270. All ministrations are for the building up of 
the church until it comes to the fullness of the 
stature of Christ. 

271. The church, the Christ, the Father. 

272. One body, one church, filled with one Spirit 
inspired by one hope. 

273. One Lord — Jesus Christ; one faith — a per- 
sonal faith in a personal Lord; one baptism — by 
obedience of which we come into Jesus Christ. 

274. One God and Father of all: "Over all," 
"through all," and "in you all." 

275. The unity of all personal conduct, domestic 
relations, political and spiritual powers in the service 
of God, through Jesus Christ. 

276. The central theme of Colossians is the glori- 
ous Christ, the head of his church. 

277. In the province of Phrygia, on the river 
Lycus, a few miles above Laodicea. 

278. A visit to Paul in Rome of Epaphras, who 



204 EPISTLES AXD REVELATION 



was doubtless a minister of the church at Colossae, 

279. The heresy of Oriental speculation,, and its 
opponent, Jewish legalism. 

280. (1) Introduction: (2) Christ's pre-eminence; 
(3) Christ's authority; (4) conclusion. 

281. It reduced religion to a mere form, and im- 
posed bondage under the law. 

282. They had many emanations, intermediate be- 
ings, ''genealogies of angels" and demons, but all 
failed. 

283. By declaring Christ to be the only connecting 
link between God and man and the universe. 

284. For knowledge of his will, uprightness, fruit- 
bearing, divine power, patience and longsuffering 
and thankfulness. 

285. A personal Saviour, inheritance, deliverance, 
redempticn, forgiveness. 

286. Christ "is the image of the invisible." "In 
him dwells all the fulness of the Godhead bodily." 

287. By him were all things made that are made, 
and through him do all things hold together. 

288. He is head ever all things to the church. 

289. He is a personal Saviour, providing forgive- 
ness, redemption, deliverance. 

290. "If they continue in faith and hope, Christ 
will preserve them." 

291. (1) By the mystery revealed to the saints 
(1:24-26); (2) by the mystery of the transformed 
lives of Christians (1:27-29); (3) by the mystery 
of God, even Christ (2: 1-3). 

292. The church is made complete in Mm; by 
having authority and power in him; being cleansed 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 205 



in him; buried with him in baptism; raised with 
him; made alive with him; and forgiven in him. 

293. Col. 3: 1-4. 

294. Col. 2: 20-23. 

295. Col. 3: 15-17. 

296. To manifest the mystery of Christ, and to 
redeem the times (4: 2-6). 

297. The pastoral Epistles are 1 Timothy and 
Titus. 

298. Philemon and 2 Timothy. 

299. Christ's ministers and their mission. 

300. (1) Introduction; (2) minister and mes- 
sage; (3) minister and ministration; (4) conclusion. 

301. The church's ministry. 

302. (1) Introduction; (2) church government; 
(3) church behavior; (4) church and pagan world; 
(5) conclusion. 

303. The emancipation proclamation of human 
slavery. 

304. (1 ) Introduction; (2) approach; (3) state- 
ment; (4) request; (5) conclusion. 

305. Christ is sufficient for every crisis. 

306. (1) Introduction; (2) duty of the minister; 
(3) duty of the church; (4) duty of the Scriptures; 
(5) conclusion. 

307. The Book of Hebrews pertains to worship. 

308. (1) Introduction; (2) superiority of the Son 
as priest king; (3) potency of faith in the Son; (4) 

conclusion. 

309. Christ is presented as the prophet, priest 
and king — the anointed of God. 

310. He is superior to the prophets "of old times," 



206 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 



to angels, to ancient worthies, to the Levitical priest- 
hood. 

311. The Christian dispensation gives us a better 
covenant, a better worship, with better service and 
better assurances. 

312. Heb. 1: 1-3. 

313. Heb. 12: 18-24. 

314. Heb. 13: 7-9. 

315. James, the Lord's brother. 

316. Faith and faithfulness. 

317. (1) Faithfulness in temptation; (2) faithful- 
ness in service; (3) faithfulness in tongue; (4) faith- 
fulness in life; (5) conclusion. 

318. "Faith apart from works is dead, being 
alone." 

319. "Of his own will begat he us with the word 
of truth." 

320. "First pure, then peaceable, gentle, easy to be 
entreated, full cf mercy and good fruits; without 
partiality and without hypocrisy." 

321. He who controls his tongue. 

322. (1) Introduction; (2) the way; (3) the test; 
(4) the hope; (5) conclusion. 

323. Through the word of God (1: 23-25). 

324. We grow unto it (2: 1-3). 

325. 1 Pet. 3: 21. 

326. (1) Introduction; (2) knowledge a means of 
safety; (3) knowledge so-called; (4) knowledge of 
the second coming; (5) conclusion. 

327. The obedience of knowledge. 

328. Fellowship with God through Christ. 



ANSWERS TO DRILL QUESTIONS 207 



329. (1) Introduction; (2) God is light; (3) God 
is love; (4) God is life; (5) conclusion. 

330. Fellowship with the truth. 

331. (1) Introduction; (2) truth and love; (3) 
truth and light; (4) light and life; (5) conclusion. 

332. Fellowship of the saints in Christ. 

333. (1) Introduction; (2) love practiced; (3) 
love betrayed; (4) light and truth commended; (5) 
conclusion. 

334. The brother of James. 

335. Their common salvation. 

336. "The faith once for all delivered to the 
saints." 

337. Their spiritual rebellion against Christ. 

338. Lust, selfishness, sensuality and divisive 
spirit. 

339. Loyalty to Christ and God. 

340. (1) Introduction; (2) heresy of life; (3) 
loyalty to Christ; (4) conclusion. 

341. The revelation of Jesus Christ. 

342. (1) The vision of the Son of man; (2) the 
things that are; (3) the things that shall come to 
pass. 

343. Ephesus is described as correct in form and 
function and doctrine, but lacking in first love. 

344. The love of espousal. 

345. Smyrna is described as "poor and perse- 
cuted," but rich in faith and promise. 

346. Pergamum is described as having held 
Christ's name, and not having denied the faith — but 
this was not enough. 

347. Thyatira is described as corrupt in life. 



# 



208 EPISTLES AND REVELATION 

348. Sardis is described as having a name that 
they lived, but were dead. 

349. A few had not defiled themselves. They 
should be robed in white. 

350. Philadelphia is described as evangelistic. 

351. The Lord promised her victory over her 
enemies. 

352. Laodicea is described as apostate, rich, cul- 
tured, self-satisfied, but lukewarm, blind and naked. 

353. There is no commendation or promise to 
such a church. 

354. (1) To eat of the tree of life; (2) to over- 
come the second death; (3) the hidden manna and 
a new name; (4) authority over the nations; (5) 
white raiments, to be confessed before the Father; 
(6) a pillar in the temple of God; (7) to sit with 
Christ on his throne. 

355. That Christ and the redeemed shall finally 
triumph over every enemy and all obstacles. 



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